Nanopore Flow Passage Series Capacitance Noise Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current nanopore sensors face challenges in enhancing detection accuracy and response rate due to high current noise and limited sensitivity, especially when detecting smaller particles or particles moving at high speeds.
Innovation Solution
A flow passage configuration in a nanopore sensor is introduced, comprising a substrate and a covering member with a substrate opening and a covering member opening, where the covering member capacitance is lower than the substrate capacitance, and the covering member is arranged to connect with the substrate in series, optimizing the electrical characteristics to reduce noise and enhance response speed.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a conventional nanopore sensor structure is used, then the device is simple in structure, but the detection accuracy is insufficient due to high current noise
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor structure is segmented into two distinct capacitive components: substrate capacitance and covering member capacitance, arranged in series. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each component's electrical characteristics to reduce overall noise while maintaining structural manageability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses a composite structure combining substrate material and covering member material with different dielectric properties. The covering member has lower dielectric constant than the substrate, creating a composite capacitive system that reduces thermal noise through optimized electrical characteristics
2Speed
If the substrate capacitance is reduced to improve response rate, then the response rate increases, but the detection sensitivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the electrical parameters by introducing a covering member with specific dielectric properties (lower dielectric constant than substrate). This parameter change optimizes the capacitive division ratio, enabling fast response while maintaining sufficient sensitivity through the series capacitance configuration
Solution Approach 2:
The covering member is positioned locally at the nanopore region rather than uniformly across the entire substrate. This local quality approach allows the nanopore area to have optimized capacitive characteristics for fast response, while the rest of the substrate maintains structural integrity and detection capability
3Object-affected harmful factors
If a covering member is added to optimize capacitance, then the current noise is reduced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts the capacitive function from the substrate and separates it into two independent components: substrate capacitance and covering member capacitance. This extraction allows each component to be independently optimized for noise reduction while simplifying the overall design space
4Measurement precision
If the covering member capacitance is made lower than substrate capacitance, then the signal-to-noise ratio improves, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention uses material selection (dielectric constant) as the primary parameter to control capacitance ratio rather than relying solely on dimensional precision. By choosing covering member material with lower dielectric constant than substrate, the capacitance ratio is naturally optimized, reducing manufacturing precision requirements
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration significantly reduces current noise and improves the response rate of the ion current, leading to enhanced detection accuracy and sensitivity for smaller particles and faster-moving particles.
Implementation Method 1
the covering member is arranged to the substrate such that a substrate capacitance and a covering member capacitance are connected in series, the substrate capacitance being a capacitance of the substrate and the covering member capacitance being a capacitance of the covering member, and wherein the covering member capacitance is lower than the substrate capacitance
Implementation Method 2
The nanopore sensor can detect the object by measuring a change of ionic current, which occurs when the object passes through the nanopore
Data Source
AI summary
It is an object to improve detection accuracy of an object as compared with prior arts. A flow passage (10) provided in a detection device (10) includes a substrate (1) and a covering member (2) provided at a position corresponding to the substrate (1). A covering member opening (HL2) of the covering member (2) is provided such that a substrate opening (HL1) of the substrate (1) is not covered with the covering member (2). The covering member (2) is arranged onto the substrate (1) such that a substrate capacitance and a covering member capacitance are connected in series. The covering member capacitance is lower than the substrate capacitance.