Polycyclic Aromatic Amine Electrolyte Additives for Battery Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing non-aqueous electrolytes in batteries face challenges such as limited charge and discharge cycle life, high temperature instability, and safety concerns due to combustible solvents, with previous attempts to improve safety often compromising performance characteristics.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating naphthyl amines as polycyclic aromatic amine additives in non-aqueous electrolytes, which enhance charge and discharge characteristics, stability, and safety by preventing electrode fouling and degradation, while maintaining high temperature stability and reducing discharge capacity loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If phosphate compounds (e.g., trimethyl phosphate) are added to improve flame retardance, then safety is improved, but battery performance deteriorates due to decomposition during storage and discharge
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the flame retardant additive by using polycyclic aromatic amine derivatives with specific molecular structures (containing nitrogen and aromatic rings) instead of traditional phosphate compounds. This structural parameter change allows the additive to provide flame retardance while maintaining stability during storage and discharge, thus improving both safety and battery performance simultaneously.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If fluorinated phosphate and phosphazene compound are used to achieve high non-combustibility, then safety is improved, but battery capacity decreases over time under high temperature and repeated discharge-recharge
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite approach by designing polycyclic aromatic amine derivatives that combine multiple functional groups (aromatic rings, nitrogen atoms, and specific substituents) within a single molecular structure. This composite structure provides both flame retardance and high thermal stability, enabling the additive to maintain battery capacity over time under high temperature conditions while ensuring non-combustibility.
3Productivity
If conventional electrolyte additives are used to improve charge and discharge characteristics, then performance is improved, but electrode fouling occurs which reduces efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful fouling effect by designing polycyclic aromatic amine derivatives with specific molecular characteristics (planar aromatic structure, nitrogen atoms) that prevent adsorption and deposition on electrode surfaces. The molecular structure is specifically tailored to remain soluble and stable in the electrolyte without interacting with electrode materials, thus improving charge and discharge characteristics while preventing electrode fouling.
Data Source
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AI summary
A non-aqueous electrolyte composition, useful in batteries, capacitors and the like, said electrolyte composition comprising an electrolyte support salt, a non-aqueous electrolyte carrier, and a polycyclic aromatic amine, e.g., a naphthyl amine.