Narrow-Gap TIG Torch Cooling and Isolation for Higher Current

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Solution Overview

Problem

Tungsten inert gas welding torches face challenges in achieving high electrical currents and ensuring welding safety, particularly in narrow-gap applications where conventional designs may lead to arc formation between the housing and the workpiece, causing potential destruction.

Innovation Solution

A tungsten inert gas welding torch with a metal housing and an electrode holder featuring a cooling device with electrically conductive partitions for direct cooling and power transmission, accompanied by an insulating layer to isolate the electrode holder from the housing, allowing for higher current transmission and efficient heat dissipation while preventing arcs between the housing and the workpiece.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If the housing is made electrically conductive for structural strength, then mechanical strength is improved, but arc formation between housing and workpiece occurs causing safety issues

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strength of housingVSAvoidarc formation between housing and workpiece
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The housing is segmented into electrically isolated sections through insulating barriers, allowing the structure to maintain mechanical integrity while preventing electrical conduction paths that would cause harmful arcs between the housing and workpiece

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

An insulating layer is introduced as an intermediary between the conductive housing structure and the welding environment, enabling the housing to retain its mechanical strength while blocking electrical conduction and preventing arc formation with the workpiece

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Duration of action of stationary object

If cooling channels are added to cool the electrode, then electrode wear is reduced, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode service lifeVSAvoidcooling system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Duration of action of stationary objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling channels are merged with the existing electrode holder structure, integrating the cooling function into the supporting components rather than adding separate cooling systems, thereby reducing overall device complexity while maintaining effective electrode cooling

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The electrode holder is designed to serve multiple functions: providing mechanical support for the electrode and simultaneously acting as a cooling device with integrated channels, eliminating the need for separate cooling components and reducing device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Power

If higher electrical currents are transmitted through the housing, then welding power is increased, but heat generation increases causing electrode overheating

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewelding powerVSAvoidelectrode temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

Cooling medium is circulated through channels in advance of electrode overheating, preemptively removing heat as current flows through the housing, thereby enabling higher welding currents without electrode temperature exceeding safe limits

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The cooling function replaces mechanical heat dissipation through convection and radiation with a controlled fluid cooling system that actively removes heat through phase change or forced convection, enabling more efficient heat management at higher power levels

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design enables increased welding currents, reduced electrode wear, and improved welding speed, along with reduced risk of housing or workpiece damage by ensuring exclusive current flow through the electrode holder and efficient cooling, while allowing for use in tight spaces without arc formation.

Implementation Method 1

a cooling device for cooling the electrode unit is present, which allows liquid cooling medium to be fed into the electrode holder and out of the electrode holder again

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

The cooling device comprises at least one electrically conductive partition within a jacket of the electrode holder to form cooling channels. At least the at least one partition, possibly also the jacket of the electrode holder, is electrically connected to the electrode unit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 3

an outer surface of the electrode holder is provided with an insulating layer at least in the area of the housing surrounding the electrode holder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical insulation: Dielectric

Implementation Method 4

an arc burns between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and a workpiece

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectArc discharge: Electric Arc

Data Source

PatentEP2855071B1Torch for tungsten inert gas welding
Publication Date: 2023.10.04 SIEMENS ENERGY GLOBAL GMBH & CO KG
  • EP2855071B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2855071B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2855071B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a torch (1) for tungsten inert gas welding, in particular a narrow gap head for tungsten inert gas narrow-gap welding. In a housing (10) made of metal, an electrode unit (32) is retained by means of an electrode retainer (20) and a cooling device for cooling the electrode unit (32) is present. Liquid cooling medium can be conducted into the electrode retainer (20) and back out of the electrode retainer (20) through the cooling device. The torch according to the invention is characterized in that the cooling device comprises at least one electrically conductive partition (22) within a jacket (21) of the electrode retainer (20) for forming cooling channels (25, 26), at least the at least one partition (22) being electrically connected to the electrode unit (32). Furthermore, an outer surface (28) of the electrode retainer (20) is provided with an insulating layer (29) at least in the area of the housing (10), which housing surrounds the electrode retainer (20).