Nasal Jet Ventilation Apparatus for Endoscopic Procedures
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Solution Overview
Problem
Patients with severe respiratory depression or apnea often experience inadequate oxygenation due to the limitations of simple inhalation through the nose or mouth, and tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are invasive and carry significant risks, particularly during short procedures like endoscope examinations, where effective airway management is crucial to prevent hypoxia and hypercapnia.
Innovation Solution
A nasally delivered supraglottic jet ventilation apparatus comprising an elongated flexible tube with dual catheters for air or oxygen delivery and CO2 monitoring, allowing for jet ventilation and end-tidal CO2 monitoring, which can be used in conjunction with a jet ventilator to maintain oxygenation and ventilation during procedures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation are used to assist breathing, then oxygenation and ventilation are improved, but invasiveness and complications increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a nasal jet ventilation device as an intermediary approach between simple nasal oxygen inhalation and invasive tracheal intubation. The device delivers jet ventilation through the nose using a flexible tube with catheters positioned in the nasal cavity, providing effective ventilation without requiring tracheal intubation. This intermediary solution maintains oxygenation and ventilation effectiveness while avoiding the invasiveness and complications of direct tracheal access.
2Reliability
If mask ventilation is used, then oxygenation is improved, but it becomes impossible when endoscope is in the mouth
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the ventilation function from the oral cavity by delivering jet ventilation through the nasal cavity. The flexible tube with catheters is positioned in the nose, allowing ventilation to occur independently of oral instrumentation. This segmentation enables simultaneous performance of endoscopic procedures in the mouth and jet ventilation through the nose, resolving the conflict between mask ventilation and endoscopic access.
3Ease of operation
If simple inhalation of oxygen via nose or mouth is used, then ease of operation is maintained, but oxygenation is inadequate in severe respiratory depression
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs pneumatic jet ventilation principles to deliver oxygen and air through high-velocity jet streams via catheters positioned in the nasal cavity. The jet ventilator generates pressurized gas flows that force air into the lungs, providing adequate ventilation even in patients with severe respiratory depression. This pneumatic approach maintains ease of nasal delivery while significantly improving oxygenation reliability compared to simple inhalation.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides an apparatus for nasally delivering a supraglottic jet ventilation and methods of treating breathing disorders by utilizing the apparatus for nasally delivering a supraglottic jet ventilation.