NDN Manifest for Multiparty Real-Time Communications
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing Information-Centric Networking (ICN) architectures, particularly Named Data Networking (NDN), face challenges in supporting multiparty real-time communications such as live video conferencing, including dynamic multicast of live content over mobile networks and multi-homing contexts, with a lack of mechanisms for enabling efficient and interactive applications.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves creating a manifest for conferencing events with name tags, managing content metadata, and using a publish/subscribe model within an NDN architecture to enable multiparty real-time communications by advertising conference name tags, allowing participants to subscribe and publish named flows, and employing caching mechanisms to ensure content availability even with participant mobility and changing network topologies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If NDN architecture uses content-based routing for information dissemination, then information delivery efficiency is improved, but support for multiparty real-time interactive communications deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the communication functionality by introducing separate Interest packets for content requests and Data packets for content delivery, while adding specific packet types (Join, Leave, Publish) to handle interactive multiparty communication. This segmentation allows the system to maintain efficient content-based routing while adding specialized mechanisms for real-time interaction.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a manifest as an intermediary data structure that coordinates multiparty communications. The manifest contains metadata about participants, content flows, and communication parameters, acting as a mediator that enables structured interaction while maintaining the underlying content-based routing efficiency of NDN.
2Reliability
If NDN network implements caching mechanisms for content delivery, then content availability is improved, but cache positioning optimization for mobile networks deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements preliminary caching actions by predicting which content will be needed by mobile participants and pre-positioning it in network caches before actual requests occur. The manifest contains information about expected content flows and participants, enabling proactive cache population that maintains availability without complex real-time optimization.
3Adaptability or versatility
If NDN architecture separates naming mechanisms from flow naming, then naming flexibility is improved, but mechanism complexity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adds a new dimension to naming by introducing hierarchical naming structures in the manifest that separate content identification from flow identification. Content can be named independently using content-based names, while flows are identified through participant and session context in the manifest, enabling flexible naming without complex mapping mechanisms.
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments include technologies for creating a manifest for a conferencing event in a network, adding a name tag identifying the conferencing event to the manifest, receiving an interest packet including one or more parameters indicating a named flow being produced at a source node, adding content metadata of the named flow to the manifest, and sending the manifest to the source node. Further embodiments include adding, to the manifest, session-level metadata associated with a user of the source node. Embodiments include receiving a second interest packet with one or more second parameters identifying a user of a client node, where the second interest packet indicates a request to authorize the user of the client node to subscribe to the conferencing event. In further embodiments, session-level metadata associated with the user is added to the manifest if the user is authorized to subscribe to the conferencing event.