Near-Eye Display SLM for Reduced Waveguide Interference

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Solution Overview

Problem

Near-eye display devices face challenges with large LED modules that result in a bulky product due to the need for a wide field of view and high resolution, and laser-based light sources cause undesirable interference within the waveguide due to their high spatial coherence, affecting image quality.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating a spatial light modulator (SLM) to reduce the spatial coherence of laser light rays before they enter the waveguide, and using optical structures within the waveguide to minimize interference, such as anti-reflection coatings or polarization-changing elements, to ensure non-coherent light propagation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If large LED modules are used to achieve wide field of view and high resolution, then image quality is improved, but device size and weight increase making the product bulky

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage qualityVSAvoiddevice weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical/optical system using large LED modules with a laser-based system. Lasers provide coherent light that can be efficiently coupled into waveguides, achieving wide field of view and high resolution without requiring large light source modules. This substitution of the light generation mechanism resolves the contradiction between image quality and device size/weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from using large lateral LED modules to using compact laser sources combined with waveguide optics that expand the beam in controlled dimensions. The waveguide structure enables light propagation and image formation in a different spatial configuration, achieving wide field of view through optical path design rather than large source size.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Weight of stationary object

If laser-based light sources are used to reduce device size, then device compactness is improved, but spatial coherence causes interference within the waveguide affecting image quality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice weightVSAvoidimage quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Weight of stationary objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces an intermediary element (such as a diffuser, scattering medium, or specialized optical component) within the waveguide system to reduce the spatial coherence of the laser light. This intermediary breaks up the coherent light paths that cause interference while maintaining the compact laser source, thus resolving the contradiction between device compactness and image quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the coherence parameter of the laser light by introducing optical elements that alter the light's spatial coherence properties. By changing the coherence parameter from high (causing interference) to reduced levels (minimizing interference), the system maintains compactness while improving image quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If spatial coherence of laser light is reduced using SLM and optical structures, then interference is minimized improving image quality, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimage qualityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent integrates the spatial light modulator and optical structures into multi-functional components that serve both coherence reduction and other system functions (such as beam shaping, steering, or modulation). By making components multi-functional, the patent reduces overall device complexity while maintaining image quality improvements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a compact NED device with improved image quality by reducing interference and maintaining a wide field of view without the bulkiness associated with large LED modules.

Implementation Method 1

Incorporating a spatial light modulator (SLM) to reduce the spatial coherence of laser light rays before they enter the waveguide

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase modulation: Phase Modulation

Implementation Method 2

Waveguides may be used in an NED device to convey light representing artificially-generated images from the image generation components of the device to an optical receptor of a user

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Implementation Method 3

using optical structures within the waveguide to minimize interference, such as anti-reflection coatings or polarization-changing elements

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnti-reflection coating: Anti-Reflective Coating

Implementation Method 4

using optical structures within the waveguide to minimize interference, such as anti-reflection coatings or polarization-changing elements

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolarization: Polarisation

Data Source

PatentEP3469413B1Avoiding interference by reducing spatial coherence in a near-eye display
Publication Date: 2025.10.29 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • EP3469413B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3469413B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3469413B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed are an apparatus and method for reducing interference for a near-eye display device. The near-eye display device includes an imager, a spatial light modulator and a waveguide. The imager generates an image based on light from a coherent light source. The spatial light modulator modulates phases of a plurality of coherent light rays representing the image received from the imager. The waveguide receives and guides the light rays having varied phases such that light rays propagating within the waveguide are incoherent with each other.