Near-Field Beam Search Using Grid-Based Codebooks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current beam search methods for near-field communication in 6G are computationally complex and time-consuming, failing to accurately focus beams on specific locations due to their reliance on direction-only searches, which is inadequate for low-latency communication needs.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that divide the near-field coverage range into grids, associating each grid with a base station and terminal beam codebook set, enabling precise determination of target transmitting and receiving beam codebooks based on terminal location, reducing complexity and improving search accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a method of beam search is used for both beam direction and distance in near-field communication, then beam focusing accuracy is improved, but computational complexity increases and search time becomes long
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the near-field coverage area into multiple grids, with each grid associated with specific beam codebooks. Instead of performing exhaustive search over all possible directions and distances, the system divides the search space into discrete grid cells, allowing the terminal to determine its location grid and select corresponding beam codebooks directly, thereby reducing computational complexity while maintaining focusing accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent pre-configures beam codebook sets for each grid in the near-field coverage area. The base station and terminal prepare the appropriate transmitting and receiving beam codebooks in advance based on grid division, so that when beam search is needed, the system only needs to select from pre-prepared codebooks rather than computing all possible beam parameters, significantly reducing real-time computational burden.
2Measurement precision
If a method of beam search is used for both beam direction and distance in near-field communication, then beam focusing accuracy is improved, but search time increases
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the coverage area into grids and pre-associating beam codebooks with each grid, the patent eliminates the need for time-consuming exhaustive search. The terminal can quickly determine which grid it is in and directly apply the corresponding pre-configured beam codebooks, reducing search time from potentially many iterations to a simple location-based selection process.
Solution Approach 2:
The preconfiguration of beam codebook sets for each grid allows the system to prepare all necessary beam parameters in advance. During actual communication, the beam search process becomes a simple lookup operation based on terminal location, dramatically reducing the time required compared to performing full beam searches in real-time.
3Ease of operation
If far-field plane wave hypothesis is used, then beam search can direct beam towards specific direction, but it cannot focus beam on specific position in near-field
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different beamforming approaches for different spatial regions. For far-field areas, the system uses plane wave hypotheses suitable for directional beams. For near-field areas, it transitions to spherical wave hypotheses with grid-based codebook sets that enable position-specific focusing. This local adaptation of beamforming quality allows the system to optimize for either direction or position depending on the terminal's location.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extends the traditional two-dimensional angular beam search by adding a radial distance dimension through grid division in the near-field. Each grid cell represents a specific spatial region with particular distance and angle characteristics, allowing the system to focus beams on specific three-dimensional positions rather than just directions, thereby enabling precise near-field beam focusing.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a near-field beam search method and apparatus, and a storage medium, in which a base station determines a grid where a terminal is located from at least one type of preset grid of a near-field coverage range of the base station; the base station determines a target transmitting beam codebook according to the grid where the terminal is located and a base station transmitting beam codebook set corresponding to the preset grid. where the base station transmitting beam codebook set includes a transmitting beam codebook corresponding to each grid in the preset grid; the base station sends information of the target transmission beam codebook to the terminal, and the terminal determines a target receiving beam codebook from a terminal receiving beam codebook set corresponding to the preset grid according to the information of the target transmitting beam codebook; the base station sends a signal to the terminal by using the target transmitting beam codebook, and the terminal receives the signal by using the target receiving beam codebook. The target transmitting beam codebook and the target receiving beam codebook used for signal transmission between the base station and the terminal can be quickly and accurately determined based on the location of the terminal in the preset grid, thereby reducing the time overhead and complexity of beam search, and improving the accuracy of beam search.