Neck Cuff Device for Jugular Vein Pressure Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Heart failure patients experience excessive venous and left ventricular filling pressures leading to edema and acute decompensated heart failure, which current treatments inadequately address, resulting in severe health consequences including death.
Innovation Solution
A device and method that applies pressure to the jugular vein using a neck cuff or similar mechanism to restrict blood flow, decreasing lymphatic outflow pressure and reducing venous pressures, thereby enhancing lymphatic return and alleviating edema.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stress or pressure
If pressure is applied to the jugular vein to restrict blood flow, then venous pressure is reduced and lymphatic return is improved, but blood flow restriction may cause tissue ischemia or discomfort
Solution Approach 1:
The device applies pressure locally to the jugular vein rather than uniformly across the entire neck. The projection is positioned to contact only the jugular vein at a specific location, creating a localized flow restriction that reduces venous pressure without causing widespread tissue ischemia. This selective local application allows the beneficial pressure reduction effect while minimizing harmful effects to surrounding tissues.
2Stress or pressure
If a projection is used to press against the neck near the jugular vein, then blood flow restriction is achieved, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The collar member is segmented into a body portion and a projection that extends from it. This segmentation allows the projection to be positioned independently to contact the jugular vein while the main collar body provides structural support and circumferential stability. The separated design enables simplified manufacturing and assembly while achieving the complex function of targeted pressure application.
3Adaptability or versatility
If an extended collar member is used to apply pressure, then the device can be adjusted to fit different neck circumferences, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The collar member incorporates a dynamic fastening system that allows the collar to expand and contract to different circumferences. The fastening mechanism enables the collar to be adjusted during use to fit different patients and different neck sizes. This dynamic adaptability is achieved through simple mechanical components rather than complex electronic or hydraulic systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces venous pressures, improves lymphatic return, and alleviates edema by creating a local decrease in blood pressure near the lymphatic duct outlet, enhancing the heart's filling pattern and contractility, thus addressing the severe health consequences of heart failure.
Implementation Method 1
creating a local decrease in blood pressure within the jugular vein near an outlet of a lymphatic duct
Implementation Method 2
Restricting the flow within the jugular vein causes pressure near an outlet of a lymphatic duct to decrease
Data Source
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AI summary
The disclosure provides device and related methods that can be used to treat edema by applying pressure to a blood vessel such as a jugular vein to restrict flow therein, creating a local decrease in blood pressure within the jugular vein near an outlet of a lymphatic duct, causing lymph to drain from the interstitium.