Negative Electrode Material Composition for Battery Weight Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium batteries face challenges due to lithium scarcity and high cost, while sodium batteries suffer from poor cycle life and lower energy density due to high mass transfer resistance and contraction issues, necessitating the development of more efficient negative electrode materials.
Innovation Solution
A negative electrode material composed of a first chemical element (Mo, Cr, W, Mn, Tc, Re) and a third chemical element (S, Se, Te) with a specific atomic ratio, replacing Mo with lighter and cheaper elements like Cr and Mn to reduce weight and cost, and improving charge/discharge capacity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If MoS2 is used as negative electrode material, then charge/discharge capacity is improved, but weight and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrode material by introducing W and/or Mn elements to replace part of Mo, creating new compounds (Mo1-x-yWxMnyS2) that maintain good electrochemical performance while reducing weight and cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite materials by combining Mo with lighter elements W and Mn in specific ratios, forming a composite sulfide structure that integrates the advantages of different elements to achieve both high capacity and reduced weight
2Use of energy by moving object
If MoS2 is used as negative electrode material, then charge/discharge capacity is improved, but cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the compositional parameters by substituting expensive Mo with cheaper W and Mn elements, optimizing the atomic ratios to maintain electrochemical performance while significantly reducing material cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces expensive MoS2 with a composite material containing cheaper elements, using abundant and cost-effective materials to achieve the same functional performance at lower cost
3Quantity of substance
If conventional negative electrode materials are used in sodium battery, then material availability is improved, but cycle life deteriorates due to severe contraction and expansion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces porous structures and void spaces in the electrode material design, allowing buffer room for volume expansion and contraction during sodium ion insertion/extraction, thereby maintaining structural integrity over multiple cycles
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite materials with optimized composition and structure that combine flexibility and structural stability, enabling the electrode to withstand repeated contraction and expansion without breaking
4Ease of manufacture
If sodium battery is used instead of lithium battery, then cost is improved, but energy density deteriorates due to lower reduction potential
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrochemical parameters of the electrode material through compositional optimization, achieving higher reduction potential and improved energy density in sodium batteries while maintaining cost advantages
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes porous structures to increase the effective surface area and improve ion transport efficiency, thereby enhancing the practical energy density of sodium batteries despite the lower theoretical reduction potential
Data Source
AI summary
A negative electrode material applied to a lithium battery or a sodium battery is provided. The negative electrode material is composed of a first chemical element, a second chemical element and a third chemical element with an atomic ratio of x, 1−x, and 2, wherein 0<x<1, the first chemical element is selected from the group consisting of molybdenum (Mo), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc) and rhenium (Re), the second chemical element is selected from the group consisting of Mo, Cr and W, the third chemical element is selected from the group consisting of sulfur (S), selenium (Se) and tellurium (Te), and the first chemical element is different from the second chemical element.