Negative Electrode Metal Oxide Core Coating for Lithium Battery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional secondary lithium batteries face limitations in high input power applications due to low energy density, and electrochemical capacitors, while offering higher input power, suffer from lower energy density and irreversible reactions at the negative electrode, necessitating the development of materials that minimize side reactions and enhance ion transfer efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A negative electrode for secondary lithium batteries is designed with a current collector and a negative active material layer containing a metal oxide core coated with a metal layer (e.g., Ni, Cu, Mn, Co) and a carbon coating layer, which reduces resistance and improves high input power characteristics by minimizing ion transfer distance and adsorption/desorption reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If active carbon is added to the negative electrode to enhance input power characteristics, then the high input power characteristics are improved, but side reactions between active carbon and electrolyte occur causing increased resistance
Solution Approach 1:
A coating layer comprising a polymer and a metal oxide is introduced as an intermediary between the active carbon and the electrolyte. The polymer matrix provides a controlled environment while the metal oxide particles dispersed therein facilitate ion transfer and suppress side reactions, thereby resolving the contradiction between enhancing input power and preventing harmful side reactions
Solution Approach 2:
The coating layer is constructed as a composite material combining polymer and metal oxide components. This composite structure leverages the benefits of both materials: the polymer provides structural framework and ion conductivity, while the metal oxide enhances electrochemical performance and suppresses unwanted reactions, enabling simultaneous improvement of power characteristics and reduction of resistance
2Power
If active carbon is used to form electrical bilayer for charge storage, then high input power characteristics are achieved, but irreversible reactions increase reducing lithium ion deintercalation efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The coating layer acts as an intermediary protective barrier that prevents direct contact between active carbon and electrolyte, thereby suppressing irreversible side reactions. This allows the electrical bilayer to form and function for charge storage while maintaining lithium ion deintercalation efficiency through the mediating effect of the coating layer
3Power
If the surface area of active carbon is increased to improve ion adsorption, then high input power characteristics are enhanced, but the transmitting distance of ions and resistance increase
Solution Approach 1:
The polymer coating layer is designed with porous structure that allows efficient ion transport through its three-dimensional network. The porosity provides multiple pathways for ion transmission, reducing the effective transmitting distance despite increased surface area, while the metal oxide components further enhance ion transfer efficiency and reduce resistance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed negative electrode enables rapid lithium ion intercalation and deintercalation, enhancing high input power characteristics and energy storage capacity while maintaining battery efficiency and capacity.
Implementation Method 1
an electrical bilayer is formed on the interface of the active carbon by applying a potential, and then it may store charges through adsorbing and desorbing ions
Implementation Method 2
promptly store a charge through intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions during charge and discharge
Implementation Method 3
A secondary lithium battery is an energy storage device including a lithium metal oxide positive active material and a carbon-based negative active material and expressing a capacity though a redox reaction of intercalating and deintercalating lithium ions
Implementation Method 4
The electrochemical capacitor stores charges through adsorption and desorption of charges in a bilayer formed at an interface of between an electrode and an electrolyte by static electricity gravitation
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a negative electrode for a secondary lithium battery and a secondary lithium battery including the same, wherein the negative electrode includes a current collector and a negative active material layer formed on the current collector, and the negative active material layer includes an additive including a core including a metal oxide and a metal coating layer formed on the core, and a negative active material.