Negative Air Pressure Device for Sleep Apnea Using Bernoulli Principle

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current treatments for sleep apnea, such as CPAP, are often uncomfortable and lead to poor adherence due to nasal discomfort, air dryness, and other issues, limiting their effectiveness.

Innovation Solution

The development of negative air pressure devices that utilize the Bernoulli principle and Venturi effect to deliver CO2-enriched air, which are lightweight, comfortable, and do not require electricity or cleaning, using a face mask with adjustable components and valves to control gas flow and pressure.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If CPAP positive airway pressure is used to treat sleep apnea, then treatment efficacy is improved, but patient comfort and adherence deteriorate due to nasal discomfort, air dryness, and other issues

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetreatment efficacyVSAvoidpatient comfort and adherence
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the conventional CPAP approach by using negative airway pressure instead of positive pressure. The device creates a vacuum that draws air through the airway, effectively keeping it open during sleep without the discomfort of forced positive pressure inhalation. This inversion resolves the contradiction by maintaining treatment efficacy through alternative mechanical action while dramatically improving patient comfort and tolerance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a vacuum source as an intermediary device that creates negative pressure to indirectly keep the airway open. Rather than directly forcing air into the airway (CPAP), the vacuum system creates a pressure differential that pulls air through the airway naturally, mediated by the pressure gradient. This intermediary approach maintains therapeutic effectiveness while avoiding the direct discomfort of positive pressure application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If CPAP devices are used to ensure continuous airway patency, then treatment effectiveness is improved, but device complexity and maintenance requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveairway patencyVSAvoiddevice complexity and maintenance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the core function of airway patency maintenance from the complex CPAP system by using a simple vacuum source connected through minimal tubing. Instead of a complex positive pressure delivery system with multiple components, the invention uses a vacuum source that pulls air through the airway, eliminating the need for complex pressurization mechanisms, humidifiers, and extensive cleaning requirements while maintaining continuous airway patency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The vacuum-based system is designed to be self-regulating and requires minimal maintenance. The negative pressure automatically draws air through the system, and the open-ended design allows for easy cleaning without complex disassembly. The system essentially serves itself by using the pressure differential to maintain function without requiring complex control mechanisms or frequent intensive maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

These devices provide a more comfortable and effective treatment for sleep apnea by modulating CO2 delivery, improving patient tolerance and adherence, and do not require electricity or frequent cleaning, addressing the limitations of existing CPAP devices.

Implementation Method 1

utilize the Bernoulli principle and Venturi effect to deliver CO2 enriched air to subjects

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBernoulli principle: Bernoulli Effect

Implementation Method 2

utilize the Bernoulli principle and Venturi effect to deliver CO2 enriched air to subjects

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVenturi effect: Venturi Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3846887B1Negative air pressure devices and uses thereof
Publication Date: 2024.02.21 VIKARE LLC
  • EP3846887B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3846887B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3846887B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

Provided herein are negative air pressure devices and uses thereof. In particular, provided herein are negative air pressure devices that modulate CO2 delivery for use in the treatment of sleep apnea.