Nested Multi-Band Antenna Layout for Gain in Compact Arrays
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing multi-band antenna apparatuses face challenges in achieving optimal arrangement of radiating elements to enhance antenna gain while minimizing product size, weight, and thickness, and require complex phase shifters that increase manufacturing costs and product size.
Innovation Solution
The antenna apparatus optimally arranges low-band and mid-band elements with dual-polarization dipole patterns on a reflecting panel, using independent transmission lines on the front and rear surfaces, and employs phase shifters that adjust phase values through dielectric constant variation without altering physical length, reducing interference and overall size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If radiating elements are spaced apart to avoid mutual interference, then beam pattern quality is improved, but overall product size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The mid-band elements are nested within the low-band elements by positioning them in the overlapping region. The mid-band elements have smaller radiating surface area and are arranged inside the larger low-band elements, allowing compact arrangement without mutual interference. This nesting approach enables space-efficient utilization while maintaining beam pattern quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the vertical dimension by arranging elements in multiple layers - low-band elements in a first array and mid-band elements in a second array at different heights. This three-dimensional arrangement allows elements to be closer in horizontal plane while maintaining sufficient separation through vertical spacing, thus reducing overall product footprint.
2Adaptability or versatility
If phase shifters are provided to change physical length of transmission lines, then beam characteristic variation is achieved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrical parameters of the transmission lines by introducing phase shifters that adjust phase values without physically altering the transmission line length. This allows beam characteristic variation (beam width and beam tilt) to be achieved through electrical parameter modulation rather than mechanical reconfiguration.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical approach of physically changing transmission line length with an electrical approach using phase shifters. Instead of mechanically reconfiguring the transmission line structure to achieve different beam characteristics, electronic phase control is used to achieve the same effect with simpler structure.
3Area of stationary object
If mid-band elements are arranged inside low-band elements in overlapping manner, then product size is reduced, but antenna gain may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different arrangement strategies to different frequency band elements based on their specific characteristics. Low-band elements with larger radiating surface area are arranged in a first array, while mid-band elements with smaller radiating surface area are arranged in a second array within the overlapping region. This localized optimization allows compact arrangement while maintaining appropriate spacing for each element type to preserve antenna gain.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to an antenna apparatus, and more particularly, to an antenna apparatus including a plurality of low-band elements that radiate an operating frequency in a first frequency band, and a plurality of mid-band elements that radiate an operating frequency higher than the operating frequency in the first frequency band. Among the plurality of mid-band elements, mid-band elements that interfere in a radiation direction in relation to the low-band elements are disposed to penetrate centers of the low-band elements, thereby providing an advantage of securing favorable antenna gain.