Nested Codebook Design for Accurate MU-MIMO CSI Feedback

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Solution Overview

Problem

Multi-user MIMO systems face interference limitations due to inaccuracies in channel state information (CSI) feedback, particularly in scenarios with rapid channel dynamics or large bandwidths, leading to inefficient spectral efficiency compared to single-user MIMO systems.

Innovation Solution

A wireless communication method that generates and transmits precoding matrices using gain and relative-phase information, allowing for more accurate CSI feedback through a structured codebook design that includes joint gain and permutation codebooks, intra-subvector phase codebooks, and inter-subvector phase codebooks, enabling efficient precoding matrix selection and feedback.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If 4-bit CSI feedback is used in LTE, then device complexity and transmission resource usage are reduced, but spectral efficiency in MU-MIMO systems deteriorates due to inaccurate channel state information

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefeedback bit lengthVSAvoidspectral efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the precoding matrix into multiple codebooks (first codebook for beam selection, second codebook for phase adjustment). This segmentation allows efficient representation of channel state information with reduced feedback bits while maintaining accuracy for MU-MIMO spectral efficiency improvement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If more feedback bits are used for CSI, then spectral efficiency improves through more accurate channel state information, but transmission resource usage and device complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral efficiencyVSAvoidfeedback overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by using different codebook resolutions for different parts of the precoding matrix. The first codebook uses coarser quantization for beam selection while the second codebook provides finer quantization for phase adjustment, optimizing the balance between feedback overhead and spectral efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Adaptability or versatility

If large codebooks supporting rank n>1 feedback are designed, then adaptability to different channel conditions improves, but device complexity and computational requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverank support capabilityVSAvoidcodebook size
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a nested codebook structure where the second codebook is nested within the context of the first codebook selection. This nested approach allows the system to support multiple ranks and channel conditions while keeping the overall codebook manageable through hierarchical organization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

4Device complexity

If equal gain is assigned to all antenna elements, then device complexity is reduced, but adaptability to different antenna configurations and channel conditions deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveantenna processing complexityVSAvoidantenna gain configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent enables different gain values for different antenna elements through the codebook design, allowing the system to adapt to various antenna configurations and channel conditions while maintaining reasonable device complexity through structured codebook organization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP2771993B1A low-complexity, rank extendable, codebook design and method for supporting precoding matrix feedback for multi-user and single-user MIMO systems
Publication Date: 2018.07.18 NTT DOCOMO INC
  • EP2771993B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2771993B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2771993B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A wireless communication method includes a mobile terminal for supporting precoding matrix feedback for multi-user and single-user multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The wireless communication method also includes obtaining, at the mobile terminal, channel state information comprising at least gain information and relative-phase information. Further, the method includes generating precoding matrices comprising bg, p1, p2, and p3 bit groups, wherein each of the precoding matrices are generated by quantization using at least the gain information and the relative-phase information between antenna elements. The method also includes selecting the best precoding matrix among the generated precoding matrices, and transmitting the bit sequence representing the selected precoding matrix to a base station.