Nested Foam Sole Structure for Cushioning and Wear Resistance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Footwear sole structures often face challenges in balancing durability, stability, and cushioning, as components with high energy return and elastic resiliency may wear out quickly, while those with greater abrasion resistance compromise cushioning properties.

Innovation Solution

A sole structure design featuring a foam core nested within a sole component, where the foam core is partially secured and partially unconstrained, allowing it to deform resiliently while being protected by a stiffer outer component, enhancing cushioning and stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a foam core with high energy return and elastic resiliency is used, then cushioning ability is improved, but wear resistance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecushioning abilityVSAvoidwear resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The foam core is nested within the sole component, creating a protective enclosure where the softer foam core is shielded by the harder outer shell. This nesting structure allows the foam core to provide cushioning without direct exposure to wear-inducing external forces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The sole structure combines two materials with different properties: a foam core material optimized for energy return and cushioning, and a sole component material optimized for durability and abrasion resistance. This composite structure allows each material to perform its specialized function without compromising the other.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Stability of the object's composition

If the foam core is fully constrained by the sole component, then stability is improved, but cushioning performance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovestabilityVSAvoidcushioning performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The attachment configuration creates different local conditions within the foam core structure. The first portion is attached to provide stability, while the second portion remains detached to allow free deformation for cushioning. This local differentiation of constraints optimizes both stability and cushioning performance in their respective zones.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The foam core's side surface is divided into two distinct portions with different attachment states. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each portion's function: one for structural stability through attachment, and one for cushioning through detachment and free deformation capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Reliability

If the foam core is left unconstrained, then cushioning performance is improved, but stability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecushioning performanceVSAvoidstability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of fully constraining or fully leaving unconstrained, the invention applies partial attachment to the foam core. The first portion is attached to provide sufficient stability, while the second portion is intentionally left detached to provide sufficient cushioning performance. This partial action approach optimizes the trade-off between the two competing requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design ensures that the foam core maintains its cushioning properties by minimizing wear and maximizing deformation, while providing stability and energy return through a combination of materials with different stiffnesses.

Implementation Method 1

the foam core may have high energy return and elastic resiliency under compressive loading

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

allowing it to deform resiliently while being protected

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectViscoelasticity: Viscoelasticity

Implementation Method 3

the foam core may have a first stiffness and the sole component may have a second stiffness greater than the first stiffness. Accordingly, the relatively compliant foam core may be protected by the stiffer sole component

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHardness:

Data Source

PatentEP4544947B1Footwear sole structure with nested foam core
Publication Date: 2026.02.18 NIKE INNOVATE CV
  • EP4544947B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4544947B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4544947B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A sole structure for an article of footwear may include a sole component having a bottom wall and a peripheral wall extending upward from the bottom wall and partially surrounding a space above the bottom wall. The sole structure may have a midsole that includes a foam core nested in the space. The peripheral wall of the sole component may be disposed outward of a side surface of the foam core. The sole component may be attached to a first portion of the side surface and detached from a second portion of the side surface. The second portion of the side surface may be disposed between the first portion and the bottom wall. The bottom wall of the sole component has a through hole and the foam core extends over the through hole.