Nested MHC I-II Peptide Vaccine for T-Cell Response

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current vaccination strategies have been largely unsuccessful in evoking strong and durable T-cell responses against tumour-specific peptides, which are essential for effectively combating cancer.

Innovation Solution

The development of a novel vaccine composition that simultaneously co-vaccinates a peptide pair consisting of a short MHC I antigen and a long MHC II antigen, where the MHC II antigen completely comprises the sequence of the MHC I antigen, leading to a significantly stronger and broader immune response.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional vaccination strategies using single MHC I or MHC II antigens are used, then the vaccine composition is simple, but the T-cell response is weak and not durable

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedurability of T-cell responseVSAvoidvaccine composition complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines MHC I antigen and MHC II antigen into a single vaccine composition. The MHC II antigen is designed to contain the MHC I antigen sequence within it, creating a unified structure that simultaneously activates both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells through a single administration

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The MHC I antigen sequence is nested within the MHC II antigen sequence. This nested structure allows the MHC II antigen to present epitopes to CD4+ T-cells while also containing the MHC I epitope sequence that can be processed and presented to CD8+ T-cells, achieving dual T-cell activation through one antigen

Inventive Principle:

Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Strength

If traditional vaccination strategies are used, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the immune response strength is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveimmune response strengthVSAvoidvaccine development complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

StrengthVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the structural parameters of the antigen by designing the MHC II antigen to contain the MHC I antigen sequence. This parameter change in antigen structure leads to enhanced immune response strength by simultaneously engaging both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell pathways

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If single antigen vaccination is used, then the antigen specificity is focused, but the breadth of T-cell response is limited

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebreadth of T-cell responseVSAvoidantigen structure complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The MHC II antigen is designed to serve multiple functions: it acts as an MHC II antigen for CD4+ T-cell activation while simultaneously containing the MHC I antigen sequence for CD8+ T-cell activation. This multi-functionality broadens the T-cell response without requiring separate vaccines for each T-cell type

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentUS20250161421A1Co-vaccination with CD4 and CD8 antigens

Publication Date: 2025.05.22 CECAVA GMBH

AI summary

The present invention relates to a vaccine composition comprising a first peptide being an MHC I antigen and a second peptide being an MHC II antigen, wherein the sequence of the first peptide is comprised in the sequence of the second peptide. The present invention further relates to a kit of parts comprising the same. Instant compositions and kits are particularly useful in the methods of inducing or increasing an immune response in a subject. Instant compositions are further useful in the methods of treatment or prevention of a disease or a disorder in a subject, in particular an infectious disease or a cancer disease.