Nested Network Cording for Multipath TCP Throughput
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Solution Overview
Problem
Multipath TCP protocols face issues with random packet loss and end-to-end delay variation, leading to reduced throughput and increased latency due to out-of-ordered packets and varying path qualities.
Innovation Solution
The method involves adaptive linear coding and network coding between Base Stations (BS) and Access Points (AP) to maximize coding gain and throughput, using a node device that communicates with User Equipment (UE) through a multipath transmission protocol, by determining optimal packet combinations and transmission sequences based on buffer states and coding strategies.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multipath TCP is used to increase throughput and reliability, then multiple paths are opened per TCP session, but random packet loss occurs in individual paths leading to reduced TCP window size and overall throughput reduction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies forward error correction coding to packets before transmission through multiple paths. This preliminary action encodes redundant information in advance, so that even if some packets are lost during transmission, the receiver can reconstruct the original data using the coded packets from multiple paths, thereby preventing throughput reduction due to packet loss
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements nested coding where inner coding is applied at the packet level and outer coding is applied at the path level. This nested structure allows the system to handle packet loss at multiple hierarchical levels, combining the benefits of both granular packet protection and path-level redundancy to maintain reliability while maximizing throughput
2Productivity
If multiple paths are used for packet transmission, then path diversity is achieved, but end-to-end delay varies depending on path quality causing latency and packet reordering
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adjusts the coding rate and packet distribution across multiple paths based on real-time channel conditions and path qualities. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize transmission speed on good paths while using coded packets on poorer paths, thereby reducing overall end-to-end delay variation and latency while maintaining high data transmission capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes transmission parameters such as coding rate, modulation scheme, and packet size according to the quality of each path. By adapting these parameters to match path conditions, the system minimizes delay on reliable paths and compensates for delays on poorer paths through error correction, thereby reducing overall latency and delay variation
3Productivity
If adaptive linear coding is applied at proxy server and network coding at BS/AP, then coding gain and throughput are increased, but system complexity increases due to nested coding structure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the coding function into distinct modules: forward error correction coding at the proxy server and network coding at the base station/access point. This segmentation allows each node to perform a specific coding function independently, reducing the computational complexity at each individual node while achieving the benefits of nested coding for improved throughput
Data Source
AI summary
A method of communicating with a User Equipment (UE) through a multipath transmission control protocol is provided. The method includes receiving information, by a first node, on a packet requested by the UE and information on a buffer state of the UE from the UE, exchanging, by the first node, information on a packet to be transmitted/received to/from each of one or more second nodes, determining, by the first node, a combination of packets which maximizes a coding gain and throughput of the UE and a transmission sequence by using the exchanged information on the packet, and transmitting, by the first node, packets to the UE according to the determined combination of the packets and the transmission sequence.