Nested Radiation Unit Structure for Compact Multi-Frequency Antennas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing radiation units in communication antennas have large apertures and heights, leading to excessively large antenna sizes that cannot meet customer demands for miniaturization.
Innovation Solution
A small-aperture bowl-shaped radiation unit is designed with tapered clearance slots at its corners, folded edges, and a hollow structure, utilizing the Vivaldi antenna principle to reduce horizontal area, and incorporating a dielectric slab for structural stability and medium loading.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional antenna structure is used, then the device complexity is low, but the antenna gain is insufficient and communication reliability deteriorates in outdoor environments
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is divided into multiple dipole antennas (first dipole antenna and second dipole antenna) arranged in different directions. Each dipole antenna has its own radiating element and feeding structure, allowing independent optimization of radiation patterns in different spatial directions to achieve omnidirectional coverage and improve communication reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The feeding structure is integrated within the radiating element structure. The feeding structure includes a feeding unit and a grounding unit that are nested within or adjacent to the dipole radiating elements, reducing overall device complexity while maintaining the segmented antenna architecture for improved reliability
2Volume of moving object
If the antenna radiation unit is disposed close to the display, then the device compactness is improved, but the antenna performance deteriorates due to interference from the display and other components
Solution Approach 1:
The grounding structure is designed with specific local characteristics - the grounding unit extends from the feeding structure toward the display but maintains a controlled distance and orientation. This local configuration optimizes the electromagnetic environment around the antenna elements, reducing interference from the display while maintaining compact dimensions
Solution Approach 2:
The feeding structure acts as an intermediary element between the antenna radiating elements and the display. By positioning the feeding structure (including feeding unit and grounding unit) between the dipole antennas and the display, it serves as a mediator that manages electromagnetic interactions and reduces harmful interference while allowing compact integration
3Productivity
If the frequency of the antenna is adjusted for outdoor communication, then the communication range is improved, but the standing wave ratio deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system uses multiple dipole antennas with different orientations and configurations, allowing the system to operate effectively across a broader frequency range. The segmented structure enables better impedance matching and reduced standing waves when adjusting frequency for outdoor communication scenarios
Solution Approach 2:
The dipole antennas are configured with asymmetric arrangements relative to the display and device components. The first and second dipole antennas are positioned at different locations and orientations, creating asymmetric radiation patterns that improve impedance matching and reduce standing wave ratio when the antenna frequency is adjusted for extended outdoor communication range
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves a reduced aperture size of 0.3-0.4 times the working wavelength, allowing for a smaller antenna footprint while maintaining performance, suitable for multi-frequency applications with nested high and low-frequency units.
Implementation Method 1
Communication antenna and radiation unit thereof
Data Source
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Figure 5~6
AI summary
A communication antenna and a radiation unit thereof are provided. Tapered clearance slots for transceiving radiation signals are disposed at four corners of the radiation unit. Two tapered clearance slots that are diagonally distributed form a group, and two groups of tapered clearance slots are orthogonally arranged and respectively fed by two feeding units. A middle portion of the radiation unit is a flat central platform. Peripheries of the radiation unit are turned up toward a same side to form folded edges. The communication antenna includes a reflecting plate and a radiation unit disposed on the reflecting plate and operating at a low frequency. The central platform of the radiation unit is provided with a high-frequency radiation element. In the present invention, the radiation unit has a small aperture and is lightweight, so that a size of the antenna can be significantly reduced, and a radiation performance indicator of the antenna can be ensured, thereby meeting requirements of customers. The radiation unit is applied to a multi-frequency antenna, has little effect on a high-frequency oscillator, and is especially suitable for a multi-frequency base station antenna with a low-frequency unit and a high-frequency unit forming an array in a nested manner.