Neural Interface Micro-Channel Array for Single Axon Resolution
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current prosthetic device technology lacks precise neural interfaces, limiting the restoration of function and preventing sensory information from reaching the brain, as existing methods rely on large electrodes that cannot record or stimulate single neuron activity.
Innovation Solution
A neural interface system with micro-channels and electrodes that promote neural tissue growth, allowing direct sensing and stimulation of individual axons, and a chip connected to these electrodes for recording and controlling prosthetic devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If large electrodes are used for prosthetic device control, then the device can be controlled and stimulated, but single neuron recording and stimulation becomes impossible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides a large electrode into multiple smaller electrodes arranged in an array, where each small electrode can independently record or stimulate individual neurons. This segmentation allows single neuron resolution while distributing the functional capabilities across multiple elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a single-point electrode interface to a two-dimensional array of electrodes, adding spatial dimensionality to the neural interface. This dimensional expansion enables simultaneous access to multiple neurons while maintaining individual neuron resolution.
2Ease of operation
If myoelectric sensors are used in prosthetic arms, then the device can sense neural activity, but the ability to control individual limb functions is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by assigning different functional characteristics to different regions of the electrode array, with specific electrodes optimized for recording, others for stimulation, and some for both, enabling precise localized control of individual muscle or sensory functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of electrode size from macro-scale to micro-scale dimensions, enabling resolution at the single neuron level while maintaining the ability to aggregate signals for overall limb control functions.
3Measurement precision
If surgically attached electrodes are used for prosthetic control, then direct stimulation capability is achieved, but the electrodes are much larger than single neurons or axons
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments a large surgical electrode into multiple small electrodes, where each small electrode has dimensions comparable to or smaller than individual axons, enabling precise targeting of single axons while the collective array maintains the robustness of a larger interface.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary structure - a multi-electrode array - that bridges the gap between large surgical electrodes and small neurons, providing a scalable interface that can resolve individual neurons while maintaining surgical feasibility.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus includes a substrate, an array of channels disposed in the substrate, wherein first ends of the channels are exposed to an outside the apparatus, a material disposed in the channel that promotes growth of neural tissue, a plurality of electrodes disposed at second ends of the channels, wherein each channel is aligned with a respective one of the electrodes, and a chip electrically connected to the electrodes.