Neural Network Image Compression Latent Variable Encoding

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing image compression techniques fail to achieve high-quality lossy compression while minimizing file size, as they either compromise on image quality or result in large file sizes.

Innovation Solution

The use of variational autoencoder neural networks to process images, where an encoder system generates latent variables representing image features, and a compression subsystem selects a subset of these variables to create a lossy compressed representation, which is then reconstructed by a decoder system to maintain high image quality.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If traditional image compression techniques are used, then file size is reduced, but image quality deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefile sizeVSAvoidimage quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transforms the image compression problem into a latent space parameter estimation problem. Instead of directly compressing pixel data, the system learns to represent images in terms of latent variables z that capture essential image features. The encoder network maps images to these latent parameters, and the decoder reconstructs images from them, achieving efficient compression while preserving quality through the learned parameter transformation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical compression systems (like JPEG's discrete cosine transform and quantization) with a neural network-based system. The encoder and decoder networks learn optimal transformations from data, substituting manual algorithm design with adaptive neural models that can capture complex image structures and achieve better compression-quality tradeoffs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Productivity

If more compression is applied to reduce file size, then compression ratio improves, but reconstruction quality deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompression ratioVSAvoidreconstruction quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by selecting only the most important latent variables for compression. Instead of encoding all latent dimensions perfectly, the system can discard less important dimensions or apply coarser quantization to them, achieving high compression ratios while maintaining sufficient reconstruction quality for the application task.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The encoder-decoder system provides implicit feedback through the reconstruction process. The decoder learns to map latent parameters back to image space, and this reconstruction process guides the encoder to learn more effective latent representations. This feedback loop enables the system to achieve better compression ratios while maintaining quality through iterative optimization of the latent space geometry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP3398114B1Compressing images using neural networks
Publication Date: 2022.08.24 DEEPMIND TECH LTD
  • EP3398114B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3398114B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3398114B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for compressing images using neural networks. One of the methods includes receiving an image; processing the image using an encoder neural network, wherein the encoder neural network is configured to receive the image and to process the image to generate an output defining values of a first number of latent variables that each represent a feature of the image; generating a compressed representation of the image using the output defining the values of the first number of latent variables; and providing the compressed representation of the image for use in generating a reconstruction of the image. By compressing images using latent variables defined by outputs of encoder neural networks, an improved lossy image compression scheme, i.e., a scheme that improves compression quality, can be achieved.