Neural Network Training via Local Linearity Regularization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which can cause them to generate incorrect outputs by slightly perturbing the input data.
Innovation Solution
A method is developed to train neural networks to be more secure by identifying and minimizing the non-linearity of the loss function with respect to perturbations, using a local linearity regularized loss function and a maximally non-linear perturbation approach.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional adversarial training is used to improve security against adversarial attacks, then the neural network becomes more robust, but the computational resource consumption increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential property needed for adversarial robustness - the non-linearity of the loss function with respect to perturbations - and regularizes specifically this aspect. Instead of full adversarial training which requires generating and training against complex adversarial examples, the method isolates and regularizes the critical non-linear component, significantly reducing computational requirements while maintaining robustness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter being regularized from the full loss function or adversarial loss to specifically the non-linearity measure of the loss function with respect to input perturbations. By parameterizing the regularization target as the non-linear component (using second-order derivatives or curvature measurements), the method achieves robustness with reduced computational overhead compared to conventional approaches.
2Reliability
If the neural network is trained to be robust against all possible perturbations, then security improves, but the training complexity and time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the critical vulnerability factor - non-linearity of the loss function - and focuses regularization on this specific aspect. By taking out only the non-linear component that causes susceptibility to adversarial attacks and regularizing it, the method avoids the complexity of considering all possible perturbations while still achieving robustness against the most dangerous attack vectors.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of training against all possible perturbations (excessive action), the patent applies partial regularization only to the non-linear component of the loss function. This partial action targeting the specific non-linear term that causes adversarial vulnerability achieves sufficient robustness without the prohibitive complexity of comprehensive perturbation-based training.
3Productivity
If standard training procedures are used, then training speed is maintained, but the neural network remains vulnerable to adversarial attacks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the standard training objective (minimizing classification loss) with a regularization term that penalizes non-linearity with respect to perturbations. By combining these two objectives into a unified loss function, the method maintains the training speed and流程 of standard procedures while simultaneously improving robustness against adversarial attacks through the added regularization component.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary regularization during the training phase by incorporating the non-linearity penalty term into the loss function. This preliminary action of regularizing against non-linear vulnerabilities during training prepares the network in advance to resist adversarial attacks, rather than requiring separate post-training robustness enhancement steps.
Data Source
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AI summary
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for training a neural network. One of the methods includes processing each training input using the neural network and in accordance with the current values of the network parameters to generate a network output for the training input; computing a respective loss for each of the training inputs by evaluating a loss function; identifying, from a plurality of possible perturbations, a maximally non-linear perturbation; and determining an update to the current values of the parameters of the neural network by performing an iteration of a neural network training procedure to decrease the respective losses for the training inputs and to decrease the non-linearity of the loss function for the identified maximally non-linear perturbation.