Neutral Host LTE Authentication Using Secure Element Segmentation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Wireless communication networks, particularly those using LTE standards, face security vulnerabilities in credential storage and processing, especially with HotSpot 2.0 systems, where mobile device credentials are not adequately secured, making them susceptible to attacks.

Innovation Solution

The Retail-based Neutral Host LTE authentication system uses preconfigured UE certificates with private keys available only in secure processing, ensuring secure storage and processing, and provides options for username/password, SP-issued certificates, and pre-configured mobile device certificates, similar to MNO-based LTE, to enhance security assurances.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If credentials are stored and processed in the mobile device HLOS as in HS2.0, then compatibility with HotSpot 2.0 systems is maintained, but security of credential storage and processing deteriorates due to HLOS vulnerabilities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompatibility with HotSpot 2.0VSAvoidsecurity of credential storage
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the credential storage and processing functions from the general-purpose HLOS into a dedicated secure environment (TEE or SE). This separation allows the system to maintain HS2.0 compatibility through the OSU interface while isolating sensitive credential operations in a secure zone that is resistant to attacks targeting the main HLOS.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a secure environment (TEE or SE) as an intermediary layer between the HS2.0 OSU interface and the credential storage/processing functions. This intermediary provides a trusted execution environment that mediates all credential-related operations, ensuring security while maintaining compatibility with external HS2.0 systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of operation

If pre-configured mobile device certificates are used with HLOS storage, then authentication functionality is enabled, but security assurance deteriorates due to HLOS attack vulnerabilities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveauthentication functionalityVSAvoidsecurity assurance
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments certificate storage and private key processing from the vulnerable HLOS into a secure environment. The HLOS handles high-level authentication protocols while the secure environment protects the actual cryptographic materials, enabling authentication functionality while improving security assurance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements beforehand cushioning by pre-configuring certificates in a secure environment that is hardened against attacks before authentication operations occur. This prior preparation in a protected environment ensures that even if the HLOS is compromised, the core cryptographic credentials remain secure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Adaptability or versatility

If credential processing is performed in the general-purpose HLOS, then processing flexibility is maintained, but security deteriorates due to the complex and vulnerable nature of HLOS

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing flexibilityVSAvoidvulnerability to attacks
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides credential processing into two segments: high-level protocol handling in the flexible HLOS and low-level cryptographic operations in the secure environment. This segmentation maintains processing flexibility for authentication protocols while isolating vulnerable cryptographic processing from attack vectors.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The secure environment acts as an intermediary that handles sensitive cryptographic processing between the flexible HLOS and external systems. This intermediary protects against attacks by providing a hardened execution environment for critical operations while allowing the HLOS to maintain its processing flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3440861B1LTE-level security for neutral host LTE
Publication Date: 2020.03.11 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3440861B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3440861B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3440861B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Various features pertain to the authentication of mobile devices or other User Equipment. In some aspects, a Retail-based Neutral Host LTE is provided for use with Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks that, among other features, provides a WiFi Alliance HotSpot 2.0 (HS2.0) user experience using LTE technology for non-mobile network operator (non-MNO) Service Providers (SPs), while maintaining high security assurances as with LTE. That is, in some examples, Retail Neutral Host-LTE is configured to provide the same or similar security assurances as with MNO-based LTE. Moreover, retail Neutral Host-LTE offers options for provisioning credentials and authentication with the AAA that are analogous to the options for HS2.0, that is: username/password, SP-issued certificate, and pre-configured mobile device certificate. This is achieved, at least in part, while providing or ensuring that Retail Neutral Host-LTE security provides similar security assurances to MNO-based LTE.