Ni-Fe Alloy Strain Gage High Gauge Factor

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing metal resistance strain gages typically have a gage factor (GF) of 4 or less, limiting their ability to measure low levels of strain with high signal-to-noise ratio, and available high-GF options are either non-metallic, brittle, or thermally sensitive.

Innovation Solution

A metal resistance strain gage with a composition of approximately 63% to 84% Ni and 16% to 37% Fe, preferably 75% Ni and 25% Fe, utilizing a Ni-Fe alloy in the L1 2 region of the NiFe phase diagram, combined with cold working and annealing, and optionally alloying components like manganese, tungsten, or chromium, to achieve a gage factor of 5 or greater.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional metal resistance strain gages are used, then the gage factor is limited to 4 or less, but the manufacturing process is simple and materials are readily available

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegage factorVSAvoidalloy composition control
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the metal alloy, specifically using a Ni-Fe alloy with 63-84% Ni and 16-37% Fe, to achieve a gage factor greater than 5. This compositional parameter change enables higher measurement precision while maintaining metal resistance strain gage characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite alloy system combining nickel and iron in specific proportions to achieve enhanced gage factor performance. The Ni-Fe composite material provides both the desired high gage factor (>5) and maintains the advantages of metal materials over non-metal alternatives

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Measurement precision

If non-metal resistance strain gages are used to achieve GF greater than 4, then the gage factor increases, but the material becomes brittle and requires careful handling

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegage factorVSAvoidmechanical robustness
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material phase parameter by selecting specific Ni-Fe alloy compositions that correspond to the L12 region in the phase diagram, which provides both high gage factor and metallic ductility, avoiding the brittleness of non-metal alternatives

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a metal composite alloy (Ni-Fe) instead of non-metallic composites, achieving high gage factor while maintaining the mechanical robustness, flexibility, and reliability characteristic of metallic materials

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Measurement precision

If conventional metal alloys are used, then the material is easy to manufacture, but the gage factor remains at 4 or less

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegage factorVSAvoidalloy composition precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent specifies precise compositional parameters (63-84% Ni, 16-37% Fe) that correspond to the L12 phase region, enabling achieving GF>5 through controlled alloy composition while maintaining manufacturability through established metalworking processes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides strain gages with a gage factor greater than 5, enhancing signal-to-noise ratio and enabling measurement of low strain levels with improved robustness and stability, while maintaining thermal and corrosion resistance.

Implementation Method 1

combined with cold working and annealing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCold working: Cold-forming

Implementation Method 2

combined with cold working and annealing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnnealing: Annealing

Implementation Method 3

The amount of strain is determined on basis of the change in the electrical resistance of an electrical circuit in the strain gage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical resistance change: Electrical Resistance

Data Source

PatentEP3295139B1High gage factor strain gage
Publication Date: 2019.10.16 VISHAY MEASUREMENTS GROUP INC
  • EP3295139B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3295139B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3295139B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A metal resistance strain gage with a high gage factor is provided. The electrical resistance strain gage includes a strain sensitive metallic element and has a chemical composition on a weight basis of approximately 63% to 84% Ni and approximately 16% to 37% Fe and a gage factor greater than 5.