Nickel Catalyst Two-Step Passivation for Safe Hydrogenation Activity
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing nickel catalysts for hydrogenation reactions face challenges in balancing safety and reaction activity due to incomplete passivation, leading to increased catalyst usage and environmental risks during transport, storage, and use.
Innovation Solution
A two-step passivation process is employed, involving a first passivation step at a lower temperature followed by a second step at a higher temperature, using a mixed gas of air and nitrogen, to stabilize the nickel catalyst and enhance its safety and activity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a passivation process using nitrogen mixed gas partly comprising air is used to convert highly reactive nickel component to nickel oxide, then use safety of the nickel catalyst is secured, but reaction activity is decreased and the amount of catalyst used increases
Solution Approach 1:
The passivation process is divided into two distinct steps: a first passivation step at a first temperature and a second passivation step at a second temperature. This segmentation allows different degrees of passivation to be achieved at different temperatures, balancing safety and activity.
Solution Approach 2:
The passivation process utilizes temperature as a variable parameter to control the extent of nickel oxidation. By conducting passivation at two different temperatures, the patent achieves optimal balance between safety (oxidation) and reaction activity (minimal oxidation).
2Productivity
If the rate of nickel being converted to nickel oxide is decreased to improve hydrogenation reaction performance, then the amount of catalyst used may be reduced, but the risk of rapid heating increases during transport, storage and use
Solution Approach 1:
The passivation process is performed as a preliminary action before the catalyst is put into service. By pre-converting some nickel to nickel oxide at controlled temperatures, the catalyst is prepared in advance with balanced properties, preventing rapid heating during subsequent use.
Solution Approach 2:
The potentially harmful rapid heating issue is converted into a benefit by using controlled oxidation during passivation. The oxidation that could cause heating is instead performed deliberately at controlled temperatures to create a safe, active catalyst surface.
3Device complexity
If a single-step passivation process is used, then the process is simple, but incomplete passivation leads to increased catalyst usage and environmental risks
Solution Approach 1:
The passivation process is segmented into two steps with different temperatures. This segmentation ensures more complete and controlled passivation, reducing catalyst loss while maintaining acceptable process complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method results in a nickel catalyst with improved safety and reaction activity, ensuring stable performance and reduced catalyst consumption.
Implementation Method 1
a highly reactive nickel component reacts with air and is converted to nickel oxide (NiO)
Implementation Method 2
a step of drying, calcining and reducing the catalyst precursor to prepare a catalyst
Implementation Method 3
a hydrogenation reaction of adding hydrogen to the olefinic double bonds is conducted
Data Source
AI summary
The preparation method of a nickel catalyst for a hydrogenation reaction according to the invention subjects a nickel catalyst to a two-step passivation process after reduction, and thus, both safety and reaction activity of the nickel catalyst for a hydrogenation reaction of petroleum resin are excellent.