Alkaline storage battery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Alkaline storage batteries experience significant degradation in battery characteristics when used in varying temperature environments due to repetitive trickle charging in high and low temperatures, leading to increased battery resistance and electrolyte consumption.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a positive electrode mixture containing a nickel compound and a metal compound, such as titanium, niobium, tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum, zirconium, or tantalum, with specific ratios and iron content, along with controlled electrolyte and hydrogen-absorbing alloy distribution, to suppress oxygen generation and electrolyte loss.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional positive electrode materials are used, then battery capacity is maintained, but battery characteristics degrade significantly in varying temperature environments due to increased resistance and electrolyte consumption
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining nickel hydroxide particles with metal oxide particles (titanium dioxide, niobium oxide, tungsten oxide, vanadium oxide, molybdenum oxide, zirconium oxide, or tantalum oxide) to create a positive electrode mixture. This composite structure suppresses oxygen generation and electrolyte loss during repetitive trickle charging in high and low temperature environments, thereby maintaining battery characteristics stability across varying temperature conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the positive electrode mixture by incorporating metal oxide particles at specific ratios (0.1-10 wt% relative to nickel hydroxide). This parameter modification alters the electrochemical behavior of the positive electrode, reducing oxygen evolution and electrolyte consumption during temperature cycling, thus improving reliability under thermal stress.
2Productivity
If repetitive trickle charging occurs in high and low temperature environments, then battery operation continues, but battery resistance increases and electrolyte is consumed
Solution Approach 1:
The composite positive electrode mixture containing nickel hydroxide and metal oxide particles suppresses oxygen generation during trickle charging, which in turn reduces electrolyte decomposition and consumption. This allows continuous battery operation in varying temperature environments without significant electrolyte loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful effect of oxygen generation during trickle charging into a beneficial outcome by using metal oxide particles to suppress oxygen evolution. This suppression prevents the chain reaction of oxygen-induced electrolyte decomposition, thereby reducing electrolyte consumption while maintaining continuous operation capability.
3Productivity
If repetitive trickle charging occurs in high and low temperature environments, then battery operation continues, but battery resistance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The composite positive electrode mixture maintains stable electrical properties during temperature cycling by incorporating metal oxide particles that suppress oxygen generation. This prevents the formation of resistive layers and maintains low battery resistance, enabling continuous operation in varying temperature environments.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of temperature-induced resistance increase into a beneficial outcome by using metal oxide particles to suppress oxygen evolution during trickle charging. This prevents the formation of high-resistance surface layers on the positive electrode, maintaining electrical conductivity and enabling continuous operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces battery resistance and maintains battery characteristics under high and low temperature conditions, enabling stable performance across diverse environments.
Implementation Method 1
the metal compound suppresses generation of oxygen at the positive electrode during charging in a high temperature condition
Implementation Method 2
The metal compound contains iron at a mass ratio ranging from 10 ppm to 10000 ppm
Data Source
AI summary
An alkaline storage battery includes a positive electrode. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode mixture. The positive electrode mixture contains a nickel compound and a metal compound. The nickel compound is a positive electrode active material The metal compound is a compound of at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of titanium, niobium, tungsten, vanadium, molybdenum, zirconium, and tantalum. A ratio Wm/Wn of a mass Wm of the metal compound contained in the positive electrode mixture to a mass Wn of the nickel compound contained in the positive electrode mixture in terms of nickel hydroxide ranges from 0.2/100 to 5.0/100. The metal compound contains iron at a mass ratio ranging from 10 ppm to 10000 ppm. A ratio We/Wp of a mass We of the alkaline electrolyte to a mass Wp of the positive electrode mixture ranges from 0.35 to 1.0.