Night Hyper-Spectral Remote Sensing Imaging System for Atmospheric Trace Constituents
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current technologies lack a low-cost, non-contact measurement apparatus capable of imaging and measuring various pollution gases at night, with existing methods being limited by high costs, restricted gas measurement types, and inability to provide spatial distribution information.
Innovation Solution
A night hyper-spectral remote sensing imaging system that includes a light source unit, a detection light path unit, an unmanned aerial vehicle tracking light path unit, and a control and processing unit, which uses hyper-spectral algorithms and optical structures to achieve remote sensing and imaging of pollution gases over a large range.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If laser radar is used to detect pollution gases at night, then detection capability is improved, but cost increases and measurement types are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical laser radar system with an optical hyper-spectral remote sensing system that uses light sources and spectrometers to detect multiple gas components simultaneously, reducing cost while maintaining detection capability
Solution Approach 2:
The hyper-spectral remote sensing system can measure multiple types of pollution gases (SO2, NO2, O3, CO, etc.) simultaneously using a single apparatus, whereas laser radar can only detect limited gas types, thus achieving multi-functionality
2Measurement precision
If point-type sampling instruments are used to measure pollution gas concentration, then measurement at specific point is achieved, but spatial distribution information is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from point-type measurement to area imaging measurement by using a two-dimensional detector array, enabling simultaneous measurement of pollution gas concentration and spatial distribution across a large field of view
Solution Approach 2:
The system simultaneously provides both point concentration measurement and area spatial distribution information, making it versatile for different monitoring needs without requiring separate instruments
3Measurement precision
If long-path hyper-spectral remote sensing instrument is used for imaging, then detection precision is improved, but device complexity and operational constraints increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential function of long-path detection by using a collimating telescope subsystem to create an extended optical path through the atmosphere, eliminating the need for complex mechanical scanning and calibration systems while maintaining detection precision
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses the natural atmospheric conditions and ambient light sources to perform self-calibration and detection, reducing the need for external calibration equipment and complex mechanical devices
4Measurement precision
If long-path hyper-spectral remote sensing instrument is used for imaging, then detection precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to stationary requirement and single light path limitation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a rotating platform that enables the detection light path to dynamically scan across a large field of view, transforming the stationary instrument into a dynamic imaging system that can cover extensive areas while maintaining detection precision
Solution Approach 2:
The rotating platform performs periodic scanning motions to systematically cover the measurement area, enabling comprehensive area imaging through repeated cyclic detection passes
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables convenient, rapid, and cost-effective measurement of multiple pollution gases at night, providing intuitive three-dimensional spatial distribution information and broadening application scenarios for pollutant monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
the light source unit is used for coupling and then outputting first light source light of a plurality of first light sources with different wavelength ranges capable of imaging at night
Implementation Method 2
the detection light path unit is used for collimating and then outputting the first light source light emitted by the light source unit, and receiving remote sensing light fed back based on the first light source light
Implementation Method 3
Its measuring principle is based on the Lambert-Beer law, which can be summarized in one sentence: after a beam of parallel light enters a transparent and uniform medium, the intensity of emergent light is an exponential function of a length of a path that the light passes through the medium
Implementation Method 4
the unmanned aerial vehicle tracking light path unit is used for tracking and positioning an unmanned aerial vehicle based on an unmanned aerial vehicle tracking light path
Implementation Method 5
the control and processing unit is used for collecting an original spectrum of the first light source light and a remote sensing spectrum of the remote sensing light and performing imaging analysis and processing on the multi-component atmospheric trace constituents
Data Source
AI summary
A night hyper-spectral remote sensing imaging system for multi-component atmospheric trace constituents includes a light source unit, a detection light path unit, an unmanned aerial vehicle tracking light path unit, and a control and processing unit, where the light source unit couples and outputs first light source light with different wavelength ranges capable of imaging at night; the detection light path unit collimates and outputs the first light source light, and receive remote sensing light fed back based on the first light source light; the unmanned aerial vehicle tracking light path unit tracks and positions an unmanned aerial vehicle based on an unmanned aerial vehicle tracking light path; and the control and processing unit collects an original spectrum of the first light source light and a remote sensing spectrum and perform imaging analysis and process on the multi-component atmospheric trace constituents, and adjust and control the tracking light path.