Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Authenticating Gleditsiae Spina
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods fail to accurately and efficiently distinguish authentic Gleditsiae Spina from its counterfeits, such as Gleditsia japonica Miq., Gleditsia microphylla Gordon ex Y. T. Lee, and Rubus cochinchinensis Tratt., due to their similar appearances and the inability of traditional identification methods to reflect the complexity and integrity of traditional Chinese medicine ingredient information.
Innovation Solution
A near-infrared spectroscopy-based method involving spectrum collection, interference peak removal, first derivative pre-treatment, successive projections algorithm, Kennard-Stone algorithm, and step-by-step discriminant function establishment to accurately differentiate Gleditsiae Spina from its counterfeits by identifying characteristic wave number points.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional characteristic identification and microscopic identification methods are used, then the identification process is simple, but the measurement of active ingredients cannot represent the overall efficacy and the methods cannot accurately distinguish authentic Gleditsiae Spina from counterfeits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the identification approach from visual/morphological parameters to chemical composition parameters by using near-infrared spectroscopy. This allows the system to detect subtle chemical differences between authentic Gleditsiae Spina and counterfeits, achieving 100% identification accuracy while maintaining operational simplicity through automated spectral analysis
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces near-infrared spectroscopy as an intermediary technology that bridges the gap between simple identification methods and complex chemical analysis. The spectroscopy technique provides comprehensive chemical information without requiring complex sample preparation or manual analysis, resolving the contradiction between simplicity and accuracy
2Loss of information
If physical and chemical identification methods evaluating individual ingredients are used, then the analysis is straightforward, but it is difficult to reflect the complexity and integrity of traditional Chinese medicine ingredient information
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs near-infrared spectroscopy as a universal analytical tool that simultaneously captures information about multiple ingredients and their interactions in Gleditsiae Spina. The technique provides a comprehensive chemical fingerprint that reflects the overall composition and integrity of the traditional Chinese medicine, avoiding the information loss inherent in individual ingredient analysis
Solution Approach 2:
The patent treats the traditional Chinese medicine as a composite chemical system where multiple ingredients interact. By analyzing the overall spectral signature rather than individual components, the method captures the complex synergistic relationships between ingredients, preserving the complete ingredient information without requiring separation or individual analysis of each component
3Measurement precision
If near-infrared spectroscopy with chemical pattern recognition is used, then the discrimination accuracy between Gleditsiae Spina and counterfeits reaches 100%, but the data processing and model establishment become more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary actions by pre-processing the near-infrared spectral data through standardization, noise filtering, and feature selection before actual discrimination. This preliminary processing reduces the dimensionality of the data and removes irrelevant information, enabling faster and more accurate discrimination without requiring extensive computational resources during actual analysis
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts only the most relevant spectral features and chemical patterns from the complex near-infrared spectrum that are characteristic of authentic Gleditsiae Spina. By isolating and focusing on these discriminative features rather than analyzing the entire spectrum, the method achieves 100% accuracy while minimizing data processing time and computational complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method achieves 100% accurate discrimination between Gleditsiae Spina and its counterfeits, providing a scientific basis for quality assessment and overcoming the subjectivity of traditional identification methods.
Implementation Method 1
Near-infrared spectrums of samples of the Gleditsiae Spina and counterfeits thereof are collected
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a near-infrared spectroscopy-based method for chemical pattern recognition of the authenticity of the traditional Chinese medicine Gleditsiae Spina. The method uses the combination of a near-infrared spectroscopy acquisition method, a 1st derivative pretreatment method and a successive projection algorithm, a Kennard-Stone algorithm and a marching algorithm to perform chemical pattern recognition on the authenticity of the Gleditsiae Spina. The results of the pattern recognition method are accurate and reliable, and Gleditsiae Spina and counterfeits thereof can be accurately distinguished. The present application is the first to establish a method for the chemical pattern recognition of the quality of Gleditsiae Spina based on near-infrared spectroscopy, and can accurately distinguish between Gleditsiae Spina and counterfeits thereof, and provides scientific basis for the quality evaluation of Gleditsiae Spina.