Non-invasive Glucose Monitoring via NIR Spectroscopy
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for monitoring blood glucose levels are invasive, causing pain and tissue sensitivity, leading to non-compliance especially in chronic patients, as they require frequent prick tests.
Innovation Solution
A non-invasive method using multispectral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) to differentiate between glucose and water, combined with pulse oximetry information, Monte Carlo simulations, and genetic algorithms for accurate blood glucose measurement, allowing for continuous monitoring without physical harm.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional enzyme oxidation analysis is used for glucose monitoring, then measurement accuracy is achieved, but patient comfort and compliance deteriorate due to invasive blood pricks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical invasive blood sampling system with an optical spectroscopy system. Instead of using enzyme oxidation analysis requiring blood pricks, the invention uses near-infrared spectroscopy to measure glucose concentrations through optical absorption, eliminating physical contact with blood and associated pain while maintaining measurement capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces optical absorption spectroscopy as an intermediary method between the need for glucose measurement and the patient's body. Rather than directly sampling blood, the system uses light absorption characteristics of glucose molecules in the near-infrared region to indirectly measure glucose concentrations, avoiding direct blood contact
2Reliability
If frequent glucose measurements are performed, then monitoring accuracy is improved, but patient compliance deteriorates due to repeated invasive procedures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables continuous glucose monitoring by using optical spectroscopy that can be performed repeatedly without recovery time. Unlike invasive methods requiring healing between pricks, the non-invasive optical system can continuously measure glucose levels through the skin, maintaining reliable monitoring data while eliminating the compliance barrier of repeated painful procedures
3Object-affected harmful factors
If non-invasive measurement methods are used, then patient comfort is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to difficulty in detecting blood substance concentrations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from direct blood sampling to optical absorption characteristics in the near-infrared spectrum. By measuring how glucose molecules absorb near-infrared light at specific wavelengths, the system can determine glucose concentrations non-invasively with sufficient precision, transforming the detection approach rather than the target substance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate, non-invasive, and continuous monitoring of blood glucose levels with high sensitivity and accuracy, reducing patient discomfort and improving compliance.
Implementation Method 1
measuring a initial absorption data using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR)
Implementation Method 2
measuring a initial absorption data using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR)
Implementation Method 3
This information along with pulse oximetry information taken at this time is used to help estimate actual blood concentration
Data Source
AI summary
A method for noninvasively measuring blood concentration of a substance, such as, for example, blood glucose levels, is described herein. The method may comprise measuring an initial absorption data using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), and obtaining a second set of absorption data. The initial absorption data, along with the second set of absorption data, may then be adjusted by applying a convolution function and a Monte Carlo simulation to the raw data. In a step, an initial estimate of the level of the substance in the blood, such as, for example, initial blood glucose level, may be calculated based on the adjusted data and pulse oximetry information using a mixing model equation.