Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Calibration Using Confocal Reference
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for measuring biogenic substances like blood glucose using near-infrared spectroscopy face challenges such as non-selective detection due to skin tissue structure and require frequent infestation, leading to errors and high costs due to complex instrumentation and precise component alignment.
Innovation Solution
A calibration method using a confocal optical system as a reference for near-infrared spectral spectroscopy instruments, allowing for non-infesting and simple calibration by comparing measured values over time to ensure accuracy and reduce costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If near-infrared spectral spectroscopy is used to measure biogenic substances through skin tissue, then non-infesting measurement is achieved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to non-selective detection through multiple tissue layers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection process by using multiple discrete light sources with different wavelengths (first, second, and third light sources) that can be selectively activated. This allows the system to target specific tissue layers at different wavelengths, effectively segmenting the detection depth and improving measurement precision while maintaining non-infesting operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by assigning different wavelengths to different detection depths. The first wavelength targets the first tissue layer, the second wavelength targets the second tissue layer, and the third wavelength targets the third tissue layer. This localized wavelength-tissue layer correspondence enables selective detection of specific biological substances in specific tissue layers without infestation.
2Measurement precision
If confocal optical system is used for precise measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases due to multiple optical components and precise alignment requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a simplified optical path configuration that copies the essential measurement function of complex confocal systems. By using multiple discrete light sources with different wavelengths arranged in a simpler optical path, the system achieves comparable measurement precision without requiring the complex confocal arrangement with multiple lenses and precise alignment, thus reducing device complexity.
3Measurement precision
If multiple light sources with different wavelengths are used to improve detection selectivity, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple light sources with different wavelengths into a single integrated optical path configuration. The first, second, and third light sources are combined such that their respective wavelengths can be sequentially or simultaneously directed through the same optical path to different tissue layers, achieving detection selectivity while minimizing device complexity through this unified approach.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables precise and cost-effective calibration of near-infrared spectral spectroscopy instruments for biogenic substance measurement, reducing errors and maintaining high precision without the need for frequent infestation or complex assembly.
Implementation Method 1
a laser 22 capable of emitting laser beams at two or more wavelengths
Implementation Method 2
an objective lens 25 for converging the parallel rays that are turned from the laser beam emitted from the laser 22
Implementation Method 3
the light reflected by the half mirror 24 is converged at the position of a pinhole 27 provided on a side of the lens 26 to pass through the pinhole 27 before being received by a photodetector 28
Implementation Method 4
the concentration of glucose in the dermal tissues a2 is measured from absorbance of the near-infrared ray R
Data Source
AI summary
A simple calibration method for calibrating an instrument for measuring a biogenic substance, using near-infrared spectral spectroscopy is realized. The calibration method comprises (1) the step of measuring a specific substance of a biological object with the use of an instrument for measuring a biogenic substance, using a confocal optical system, (2) the step of using an instrument for measuring a biogenic substance, using near-infrared spectral spectroscopy, thereby measuring a specific substance in the same region of the biological object, (3) the step of comparing a measured value of the specific substance, measured in the step (1) with a measured value of the specific substance, measured in the step, and (4) the step of executing an operation in the step at least once after the elapse of predetermined time.