Multi-Electrode Catheter with Nitinol Coils for Atrial Mapping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current mapping catheters lack the necessary high-resolution scanning and variability to effectively measure and address the propagation of electrophysiological signals in the left atrium for atrial fibrillation, leading to inefficient ablation procedures and potential harm due to inadequate anatomical information.
Innovation Solution
A multi-electrode catheter array with a high density of preformed nitinol coils that expand to maintain close contact with the atrial wall, allowing for detailed signal mapping and ablation, featuring adjustable pole spacing and configuration to accommodate individual anatomy, enabling precise recording and stimulation of electrical signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional mapping catheters are used, then the procedure is simpler, but the mapping resolution and anatomical detail are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The catheter is divided into multiple segments including a distal electrode array with multiple poles (16 or more) arranged in a circular pattern, intermediate sections, and proximal control sections. This segmentation allows high-resolution mapping at the distal end while maintaining manageable complexity through modular design. Each segment serves specific functions: distal poles for high-density electrical signal recording, intermediate sections for structural support, and proximal sections for control and connection.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from traditional single-plane or limited-array electrode configurations to a three-dimensional circular arrangement of 16 or more poles around the catheter circumference. This dimensional expansion creates a comprehensive spatial mapping capability, allowing electrical signals to be recorded from multiple angles and positions simultaneously, thereby achieving high-resolution anatomical mapping of the atrium.
2Loss of information
If high-density electrode arrays are used, then detailed electrophysiological data is obtained, but the device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple electrode poles are combined into a single integrated catheter shaft, with all 16 or more poles electrically connected to a common reference potential. This merging approach allows comprehensive electrophysiological data collection from multiple sites simultaneously while simplifying the manufacturing process compared to assembling separate catheters. The integrated design ensures consistent electrical reference across all measurement points.
Solution Approach 2:
The catheter array is designed to perform multiple functions: high-resolution electrical signal mapping, anatomical structure visualization, and guidance for ablation procedures. The same 16-pole circular array that provides detailed electrophysiological data also serves as a structural framework for delivering therapeutic energy, eliminating the need for separate mapping and treatment devices.
3Ease of operation
If the catheter is made flexible for navigation, then it can reach difficult areas, but maintaining stable contact with the atrial wall becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The catheter incorporates dynamic characteristics with flexible materials that allow passive adaptation to the atrial wall contours. The distal array section is designed to be sufficiently compliant to conform to irregular anatomical surfaces while maintaining stable electrical contact. This dynamic flexibility enables the catheter to navigate complex cardiac geometry and self-adjust to optimal contact positions without requiring active control mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-resolution mapping and ablation of atrial fibrillation with reduced patient stress by providing detailed electrophysiological data and allowing for personalized treatment approaches, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of cardioversion and ablation procedures.
Implementation Method 1
The invention relates to a mapping catheter with a multi-electrode array... Atrial fibrillation is a disorder in which abnormal electrical signals cause an irregular heartbeat... The shape memory metal is, for example, Nitinol.
Data Source
Figure 1a~1b'
Figure 1c~1d
Figure 1e~1f
AI summary
The present invention relates to a multi-electrode arrangement comprising a catheter whose shaft has at least one lumen and an electrode array. The electrode array is compressible and self-expanding and, in the expanded state, is located at the distal end of the catheter shaft. The electrode array (2) has a plurality of multipole coils (3) grouped around a longitudinal axis, each multipole coil having a lead-in region (5) and a sensing region (7) with a plurality of poles (10) arranged close together. A pre-formed wire made of shape memory metal is guided through the lumen of each coil. In the expanded state, the electrode array (2) assumes a shape defined by the pre-formed wires (4) made of shape memory metal in the coils, such that, in the operating position, the poles (10) are in close contact with the endocardium.