Nitrate Compositions for Rapid Blood Pressure Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current inorganic nitrate supplements require administration hours in advance to achieve full benefits and often exceed safe daily intake levels, raising concerns about safety and efficacy for cardiovascular and athletic performance improvements.
Innovation Solution
Compositions comprising elemental metals like magnesium, calcium, lithium, or zinc combined with a source of nitrate anion, which reduce blood pressure and enhance athletic performance by providing rapid and sustained benefits within minutes of ingestion, staying within safe daily nitrate intake limits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional inorganic nitrate supplements are administered to achieve full beneficial effects on cardiovascular system and athletic performance, then the therapeutic effect is improved, but the administration time required increases (hours in advance) and the dosage exceeds safe daily intake levels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical form of nitrate from conventional inorganic salts to nitrate esters (organic nitrates), which are rapidly hydrolyzed by esterases in the body to release nitric oxide. This parameter change in chemical structure enables rapid onset of action within minutes rather than hours, resolving the time delay contradiction while maintaining therapeutic efficacy at safe dosage levels
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces nitrate esters as an intermediary compound that serves as a prodrug for nitric oxide. These ester intermediaries are quickly converted to active nitric oxide in the body, providing a bridge between safe administered doses and effective therapeutic concentrations, thus resolving both the time delay and excessive dosage issues
2Reliability
If higher doses of inorganic nitrate are administered to achieve cardiovascular benefits, then the therapeutic effect is improved, but the safety concern increases due to exceeding acceptable daily intake levels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the biochemical parameters of nitrate delivery by using esters with different hydrolysis rates. This allows precise control over the rate and extent of nitric oxide release, achieving therapeutic effects at lower administered doses that remain within safe daily intake levels, thus resolving the safety contradiction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs partial action by administering sub-stoichiometric amounts of nitrate esters that are efficiently converted to nitric oxide. This partial dosing strategy achieves sufficient therapeutic effect without requiring excessive doses, thereby maintaining safety while improving cardiovascular function
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combination of elemental metals with nitrate anions in the compositions results in rapid reductions of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, enhanced vasodilation, and improved athletic performance, offering benefits within 15-30 minutes of ingestion, with sustained effects for up to several hours, while adhering to safe nitrate intake levels.
Implementation Method 1
administration of a salt of nitric acid (NO3−) can increase athletic performance, increase blood flow, and improve vasodilation
Implementation Method 2
administration of a salt of nitric acid has actually resulted in the reduction of blood pressure
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure is directed to methods of reducing blood pressure, treating hypertension, improving athletic performance, and increasing aerobic capacity, stamina, muscle strength, endurance, and/or time to exhaustion in a subject comprising co-administering to the subject elemental metal and a source of nitrate anion (NO3−). The disclosure is also directed to related compositions comprising elemental metal and a source of nitrate anion (NO3−).