Nitrogen-Containing HFO Compounds for Low GWP Working Fluids
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for environmentally friendly and low-toxicity working fluids that reduce environmental impact and toxicity while meeting performance requirements for various applications, such as heat transfer, solvent cleaning, and electrolyte solvents, and can be manufactured cost-effectively.
Innovation Solution
The development of nitrogen-containing hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) compounds, which are synthesized using fluorinated imines and fluorinated propenyl or vinyl amines in the presence of catalysts, providing a class of fluorinated compounds with lower atmospheric lifetimes and global warming potentials, and exhibiting beneficial electrical properties and low acute toxicity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional working fluids are used, then performance requirements are met, but environmental impact and toxicity are high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by introducing nitrogen-containing hydrofluoroolefin compounds with specific molecular structures (formula I) that have lower atmospheric lifetimes and global warming potentials while maintaining the functional performance required for heat transfer and other applications
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite working fluid formulations combining nitrogen-containing HFO compounds with other compatible fluids, achieving both reduced environmental harm and maintained performance through synergistic combinations
2Object-affected harmful factors
If environmentally friendly compounds are developed, then environmental profile is improved, but manufacturing cost may increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes manufacturing parameters by specifying precise compositional ranges for the nitrogen-containing HFO compounds and established synthesis routes from fluorinated imines and amines, enabling cost-effective production while maintaining environmental benefits
3Object-affected harmful factors
If new HFO compounds are synthesized, then atmospheric lifetime and global warming potential are reduced, but synthesis complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the synthesis process into distinct stages: first forming fluorinated imines, then reacting with fluorinated propenyl or vinyl amines in the presence of catalysts, making the complex synthesis manageable and scalable
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses catalysts as intermediaries to facilitate the synthesis of nitrogen-containing HFO compounds, simplifying the reaction processes and enabling cost-effective production while achieving the desired environmental properties
Data Source
AI summary
A hydro hydrofluoroolefin compound represented by the following general formula (I):(I) Rf1 and Rf2, and Rf3 and Rf4, are (i) independently, linear or branched fluorinated alkyl groups having 1-8 carbon atoms and optionally contain at least one catenated heteroatom selected from O or N; or (ii) are bonded together to form a ring structure having 4-8 carbon atoms and optionally contain one or more catenated heteroatoms selected from O or N. X is CF3, H, or F; and Z is F or H.