Combined NMR and Dielectric Measurement for Subsurface NAPL Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods inadequately detect and characterize non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contaminants in the subsurface, which are toxic and difficult to remove from groundwater due to their immiscibility with water and tendency to become trapped, leading to limited sensitivity and risk in remediation efforts.
Innovation Solution
Combining Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and dielectric measurements to determine the presence, quantity, and wetting state of NAPL contaminants in the subsurface, using both surface-based and in-situ devices, to provide complementary information for more accurate characterization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If single-method detection (NMR or dielectric) is used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision and reliability for NAPL detection deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines NMR and dielectric measurement methods into a single integrated system that simultaneously acquires both types of data. This merging approach allows the system to leverage the complementary strengths of both methods - NMR for detecting fluid presence and dielectric properties, and dielectric measurement for characterizing wetting states and fluid distribution - thereby improving overall detection precision without requiring separate measurement campaigns.
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated measurement system is designed to perform multiple functions using a single platform. It can detect NAPL presence, characterize wetting states, determine fluid distribution, and provide quantitative saturation data all through one system. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for multiple separate devices and measurement procedures, improving measurement precision while maintaining operational simplicity.
2Reliability
If combined NMR and dielectric measurements are used, then NAPL characterization accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
By merging NMR and dielectric measurement capabilities into a single integrated system, the patent achieves reliable NAPL characterization through simultaneous data acquisition. The combined system provides complementary information about fluid presence, wetting states, and distribution that cannot be obtained by either method alone, thereby improving reliability while avoiding the complexity of coordinating separate measurement systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated system employs feedback mechanisms where NMR and dielectric data are processed together to continuously refine the characterization of NAPL contamination. The system uses initial measurements to update the geological model and adjust subsequent measurements, improving reliability through iterative refinement while maintaining a unified, manageable system architecture.
3Measurement precision
If surface-based devices are used, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision for deep subsurface NAPL detection deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The integrated measurement system is designed to perform multiple functions including both surface-based and downhole measurements. This multi-functionality allows the system to operate from the surface while achieving deep subsurface characterization, eliminating the need for complex downhole instrumentation while maintaining high measurement precision through advanced signal processing and combined measurement methodologies.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the sensitivity to NAPL contaminants, allowing for better characterization of their concentration, distribution, and wetting state, facilitating more effective remediation strategies by distinguishing between NAPL and water signals and quantifying NAPL saturation, even in complex environments.
Implementation Method 1
obtaining a measurement of NMR properties... through combined Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and dielectric measurements
Implementation Method 2
obtaining a measurement of dielectric properties... dielectric or spectral induced polarization (SIP) logging devices
Data Source
AI summary
Technologies applicable to detection and characterization of subsurface contaminants by NMR and dielectric measurements are disclosed. The disclosed technologies include methods for obtaining and combining data from NMR and dielectric measurements to detect, quantify, and characterize non-native non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) contaminants located in geologic materials.