NMR Phase Offset Map Calculation for Magnetic Field Shimming

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current NMR measurement methods require multiple measurements with different phase evolution periods, leading to prolonged time for generating magnetic field maps.

Innovation Solution

A nuclear magnetic resonance measurement apparatus that calculates a phase offset map independently of the inhomogeneous magnetic field component and phase evolution period, allowing for the reduction of measurement time by using a ratio-based calculation of phase maps from pulse sequences with varying shim coefficients.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If multiple measurements with different phase evolution periods are performed to generate magnetic field maps, then measurement precision is improved, but measurement time is prolonged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemagnetic field map precisionVSAvoidmeasurement time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by calculating and storing the phase offset map before the actual magnetic field map measurement. The phase offset map, which contains information about phase offsets independent of the inhomogeneous magnetic field component, is computed in advance using Equation (4) from phase maps acquired during preliminary execution of pulse sequences. This preliminary calculation allows the main measurement to use a simplified formula (Equation (5)) that only requires one phase map, thereby reducing measurement time while maintaining precision through the pre-computed offset correction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Measurement precision

If multiple measurements with different phase evolution periods are performed to generate magnetic field maps, then calculation accuracy is improved, but the number of measurements increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecalculation accuracyVSAvoidmeasurement efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary calculation of the phase offset map using Equation (4) which involves phase maps from multiple pulse sequence executions. This preliminary action separates the offset calculation from the main magnetic field map generation, allowing the subsequent measurement to use Equation (5) with only a single phase map acquisition. The preliminary computation stores the offset information that would otherwise require multiple measurements to extract, thus improving productivity without sacrificing calculation accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the magnetic field map generation process into two independent parts: (1) preliminary calculation of the phase offset map using Equation (4) which handles the offset component, and (2) calculation of the inhomogeneous magnetic field component using Equation (5) which handles the field map proper. This segmentation allows each part to be optimized independently - the offset calculation uses multiple phase maps for accuracy, while the main measurement uses a single phase map for efficiency, thereby resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Measurement precision

If phase offset maps are calculated for each measurement, then measurement precision is maintained, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase offset correction accuracyVSAvoidcalculation process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies universality by creating a single phase offset map that serves multiple measurement conditions. The offset map calculated from Equation (4) using phase maps with different phase evolution periods (short τ and long τ) is a universal correction that can be applied to subsequent magnetic field map calculations regardless of the specific pulse sequence parameters. This universal offset map eliminates the need to recalculate offsets for each measurement, reducing device complexity while maintaining precision through consistent offset correction across all measurements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces the number of measurements needed for magnetic field map generation, improving measurement precision and calculation accuracy, and enables efficient shimming of static magnetic fields.

Implementation Method 1

The present disclosure relates to a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement apparatus, and in particular to correction of a static magnetic field.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNuclear magnetic resonance:

Data Source

PatentEP3410141B1NMR measurement apparatus and magnetic field map calculation method
Publication Date: 2022.04.20 JEOL LTD
  • EP3410141B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3410141B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3410141B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An offset map is determined in advance by a preliminary measurement process. A phase map is generated by execution of a long τ pulse sequence. A magnetic field map is calculated based on a phase map and a phase offset map. A shim adjustment is performed based on the magnetic field map. The offset map is calculated based on a first phase map acquired by execution of a first pulse sequence, a second phase map acquired by execution of a second pulse sequence, and a ratio α related to phase evolution periods.