NMR T2 Inversion Motion Artifact Correction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements in downhole tools are affected by motion artifacts due to lateral movement and non-axially symmetric magnetic fields, leading to inaccurate characterization of earth formations, particularly in logging-while-drilling applications.

Innovation Solution

The method involves joint inversion with motion correction (JIMC) using modified equations that account for motion artifacts, incorporating additional multiplicative terms to fit and correct motion effects in NMR data, allowing for more accurate determination of T2 distributions and formation properties.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If NMR measurements are performed in logging-while-drilling applications, then real-time formation characterization is achieved, but motion artifacts are introduced due to lateral movement and drill string rotation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereal-time formation characterizationVSAvoidNMR data accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies motion correction algorithms that convert the harmful motion artifacts into useful information by analyzing the artifact patterns to determine tool motion characteristics, then using this information to correct the NMR data and recover accurate formation properties despite the drilling-induced motion

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the NMR inversion process by introducing motion correction parameters that account for lateral displacement and rotational effects, transforming the standard inversion algorithm into a motion-compensated version that can handle dynamic drilling conditions while maintaining measurement accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If the drill string rotates causing the drill bit to drill the borehole, then logging-while-drilling operations are enabled, but lateral motion of the drill string varies the distance from the NMR tool to the formation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelogging-while-drilling capabilityVSAvoiddistance from NMR tool to formation
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLength of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from assuming a static tool-formation distance to modeling the distance as a dynamic variable that changes with drill string lateral motion, incorporating time-varying distance parameters into the NMR signal modeling and inversion process to accurately interpret measurements under dynamic drilling conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Measurement precision

If motion correction is applied to NMR data, then measurement accuracy is improved, but computational complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveNMR data accuracyVSAvoidprocessing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the motion correction process into distinct segments: motion detection from artifact analysis, motion parameter estimation, and corrected inversion, allowing each segment to be optimized independently and enabling efficient implementation of the complex correction algorithm

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP3440312B1T2 inversions with reduced motion artifacts
Publication Date: 2021.12.22 BAKER HUGHES CO
  • EP3440312B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3440312B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3440312B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A method for processing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement data includes receiving, with a processor, NMR measurement data obtained from an NMR tool, the NMR measurement data having an echo train affected by a motion artifact, wherein the motion artifact is related to a magnetic field magnitude that varies in a volume of interest due to a motion of the NMR tool. The method further includes reducing, with the processor, an effect on the NMR measurement data of the motion artifact by using a correcting inversion method that models the motion artifact to provide a corrected transverse relaxation time constant (T2) distribution, the correcting inversion method having a multiplicative term having a term that includes at least one local maximum and an optional decay term.