Composite Catalyst for Selective Hydrogenation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Noble metal nanoparticles tend to agglomerate when loaded on carbon materials, making it difficult to achieve high dispersion and reducing the effectiveness of heterogeneous catalysts in catalytic processes.
Innovation Solution
A composite catalyst is developed using a nitrogen-doped porous carbon composite material with metal oxide particles, where noble metal particles are dispersed within the material's passages, allowing for tight recombination with oxide atoms and achieving high dispersity and stability, thereby enhancing catalytic properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If noble metal nanoparticles are loaded on carbon materials, then catalytic activity is achieved, but the noble metal particles easily agglomerate and dispersion is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite carrier system consisting of nitrogen-doped porous carbon particles combined with metal oxide particles (such as CeO2, TiO2, ZnO). This composite structure provides both the catalytic activity of noble metals and the stabilizing effect of the composite carrier, preventing agglomeration while maintaining high catalytic performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates localized regions with different properties within the carrier: nitrogen-doped porous carbon provides structural stability and porosity, while metal oxide particles provide specific catalytic sites. The noble metal nanoparticles are distributed in specific regions where they interact with both carbon and metal oxide components, achieving optimal dispersion and catalytic activity.
2Loss of substance
If noble metal nanoparticles are dispersed on carbon materials, then metal consumption is reduced, but achieving high dispersion is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces metal oxide particles as intermediary structures between the carbon carrier and noble metal nanoparticles. These metal oxide particles serve as anchoring sites that facilitate the uniform distribution of noble metal nanoparticles, preventing agglomeration and achieving high dispersion quality while maintaining low metal consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the porous structure of nitrogen-doped carbon particles combined with metal oxide particles to create a three-dimensional network that accommodates noble metal nanoparticles. The porosity provides extensive surface area and volume for dispersing noble metals, achieving high dispersion quality while minimizing metal consumption.
3Use of energy by moving object
If carbon materials are used as catalyst carriers, then thermal and electrical conductivity is achieved, but noble metal particles aggregate due to nano-scale effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines nitrogen-doped porous carbon (providing thermal conductivity) with metal oxide particles (providing stability) to create a composite carrier system. This composite structure maintains the thermal conductivity benefits of carbon while adding the stability and dispersion-preventing properties of metal oxides, solving the agglomeration problem.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the surface properties and structural parameters of the carbon carrier by nitrogen doping and combining it with metal oxide particles. These parameter changes create a more favorable environment for noble metal nanoparticles, improving their stability and preventing agglomeration while maintaining thermal conductivity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite catalyst achieves high noble metal dispersity and loading efficiency, resulting in improved catalytic activity and stability, with the ability to be reused multiple times, particularly effective in selective hydrogenation reactions.
Implementation Method 1
the carrier is a nitrogen-doped porous carbon composite material having a plurality of passages
Implementation Method 2
Noble metal atoms of the noble metal particles can be tightly combined with oxide atoms of the exposed metal oxide particles to achieve recombination
Data Source
AI summary
A composite catalyst includes a carrier and noble metal particles supported by the carrier, wherein the carrier is a nitrogen-doped porous carbon composite material having a plurality of passages. The nitrogen-doped porous carbon composite material can include a nitrogen-doped porous carbon material and a plurality of metal oxide particles. The plurality of metal oxide particles can be uniformly distributed in the nitrogen-doped porous carbon material. The plurality of metal oxide particles can be partially exposed through the plurality of passages. The noble metal particles can be tightly combined with the exposed metal oxide particles to achieve recombination. And the noble metal particles can be at least one of Pd metal particles, Pt metal particles, Ru metal particles, Rh metal particles, Ir metal particles, Au metal particles, or a combination thereof.