NoC Bus Controller Probabilistic Routing for Contention
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Solution Overview
Problem
In Network on Chip (NoC) systems, the existing multi-route control techniques lead to increased latency and power dissipation due to bus resource contention among independent bus masters, as each master selfishly changes routes, causing uneven data flow distribution and increased contention.
Innovation Solution
A bus controller that manages transmission routes and generates parameters based on probability distributions or predefined rules to determine optimal routes, minimizing contention and latency by distributing packets across multiple routes probabilistically.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If each bus master independently changes routes based on selfish decisions, then individual bus master performance is improved, but bus resource contention increases and overall system efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
A route changer is introduced as an intermediary component between bus masters and the NoC network. This mediator collects transmission status information from multiple bus masters, processes route selection centrally, and distributes packets across multiple routes according to probability distributions. This prevents selfish route changes by individual bus masters and reduces bus resource contention while maintaining overall system efficiency.
2Productivity
If routes are changed frequently to avoid congestion, then data transfer efficiency is improved, but route change delay and latency increase
Solution Approach 1:
The route selection mechanism is made dynamic through probability distributions that adapt to current transmission statuses. Instead of fixed routes or frequent deterministic changes, the system uses probabilistic routing where route selection probabilities are adjusted based on real-time network conditions. This dynamic approach balances data transfer efficiency with reduced route change delay.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the parameter of route selection from deterministic to probabilistic. By using probability distributions to determine route selection, the system can smoothly adjust routing behavior based on transmission statuses without causing abrupt route changes. This parameter change reduces route change delay while maintaining data transfer efficiency.
3Speed
If operating frequency is increased to reduce latency, then data transfer speed is improved, but power dissipation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically distributes packets across multiple routes based on probability distributions and transmission statuses. This dynamic load distribution prevents congestion on any single route, allowing the NoC to operate at lower frequencies while maintaining high data transfer speeds. The probabilistic routing optimizes the balance between speed and power dissipation.
Data Source
AI summary
A bus controller is arranged on a plurality of network communication buses that connect together a plurality of bus masters, each sending out a packet, and at least one node, to which the packet is sent from each said bus master, in order to control the transmission route of a packet that is flowing through the plurality of communication buses. The bus controller includes: a route diagram manager configured to manage a plurality of transmission routes and their respective transmission statuses; a parameter generator configured to generate either a parameter that conforms to a predetermined probability distribution or a parameter that follows a predefined rule; a processor configured to select one of the plurality of transmission routes based on the respective transmission statuses of the transmission routes and the parameter; and a relay configured to perform relay processing on the packet that is flowing through the communication bus.