Nocardioides Strain for Irreversible DON Biodegradation
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Solution Overview
Problem
The scarcity of effective biological resources for degrading deoxynivalenol (DON) and the incomplete understanding of its degradation mechanisms pose challenges in developing efficient and large-scale DON degrading products, particularly due to the rarity of Nocardioides strains with DON degradation function.
Innovation Solution
Isolation and identification of a new Nocardioides strain ZHH-013, which can degrade DON into 3-keto-DON and 3-epi-DON, and its use in preparing a biological detoxification agent through fermentation and purification processes, enabling its application in various forms.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If general cooking and processing techniques are used to remove DON, then the process is simple and easy to implement, but the removal efficiency is low due to the extreme stability of DON
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces mechanical/physical processing methods with biological degradation methods. Specifically, it uses biodegradation technology employing microorganisms or enzymes to degrade DON into non-toxic or low-toxicity products, substituting the ineffective physical removal approaches with a chemically active biological system that can break down the stable mycotoxin structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of DON through biological degradation. The microorganisms or enzymes catalyze chemical reactions that transform DON into different chemical compounds (degradation products), fundamentally altering its chemical structure and toxicity profile. This parameter change approach allows conversion of the stable, toxic DON into unstable, non-toxic forms.
2Reliability
If biodegradation technology is used to degrade DON, then the degradation efficiency is high and the process is green, but the availability of biological resources is very scarce
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a broad-spectrum biodegradation system that can handle multiple forms of DON (free DON, conjugated DON, and hidden DON). The biological resource (microorganism or enzyme preparation) is designed to perform multiple functions: degrading different DON forms, working under various conditions, and applicable to different substrates (grains, feeds, processed foods), thereby increasing the effective availability and versatility of the biological resource.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses enzyme preparations or microbial cultures that can be mass-produced and standardized. By cultivating microorganisms or extracting enzymes in large quantities through fermentation or extraction processes, the patent creates replicable biological resources that can be scaled up from laboratory to industrial production, solving the scarcity issue through systematic copying and standardization of the active biological components.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If hidden DON (3-β-D-glucose-DON) is present in plants, then it represents a plant self-defense mechanism, but it can be converted back to toxic DON through gut microbiota action
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary biodegradation treatment to convert hidden DON into stable, non-toxic forms before the food reaches consumers. By treating the substrate with specific microorganisms or enzymes that target the glucosidic bond in 3-β-D-glucose-DON, the patent prevents the subsequent conversion back to toxic DON that would otherwise occur in the gut, thereby eliminating the exposure risk proactively rather than reactively.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful hidden DON (which could revert to toxic DON) into a beneficial stable degradation product. The biological degradation system transforms the hidden DON form into non-toxic compounds, turning what was originally a protective plant mechanism (which inadvertently creates risk) into a permanently safe substance through irreversible biochemical transformation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The strain ZHH-013 effectively degrades DON into less toxic forms, providing a stable and irreversible detoxification solution for feed, food, and environmental ecosystems, with high degradation efficiency and minimal secondary pollution.
Implementation Method 1
Multiple species and subspecies in the genus DeVos have been confirmed to be able to degrade DON into 3-keto-DON and 3-epi-DON. In 2018, Zhou Ting's team in Canada confirmed that two enzymes, DepA and DepB, were responsible for these two degradation processes.
Implementation Method 2
The biodegradation technology of DON has attracted widespread attention in recent years due to its high efficiency, green color, mild reaction conditions, and ease of large-scale application.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the fields of microorganisms, feed, food and ecological restoration, in particular to a strain for degrading deoxynivalenol (DON) and the use thereof. The strain has the deposit number CCTCC No. M 2020565. The strain can grow by means of taking the toxic compound DON as a sole carbon source, and convert the DON into chemical components for itself. The reaction process is irreversible, the reaction conditions are moderate, and secondary pollution cannot be caused. The strain provided in the present invention can be used for preparing a biological detoxification preparation for DON. The strain provided in the present invention can be used for degrading DON in feed and food raw materials, primary processing products, deep processing products and related processing byproducts. The strain provided in the present invention can be applied to various ecosystems such as soil or bodies of water polluted by DON to achieve the purposes of DON degradation and ecological restoration.