Node Adaptive Filtering for V2X Congestion Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
In connected vehicle systems using Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) for V2X communication, the onboard unit quickly saturates processing capability in congested traffic areas due to high numbers of node communications, leading to congestion and inefficient use of processing power.
Innovation Solution
Implementing node filtering algorithms that selectively process data based on range, velocity, heading, transmitted power, received power threshold, and map database information to optimize processing power and reduce congestion, including adaptive filtering methods that adjust transmission power and filtering radii dynamically.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the onboard unit processes data from all communicating nodes in congested traffic areas, then complete data coverage is achieved, but processing capability is saturated quickly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and processes only the most relevant node data based on filtering criteria (range, velocity, heading, power thresholds) rather than processing all received data. This selective extraction approach maintains essential data coverage while significantly reducing processing load on the onboard unit.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different processing qualities to different nodes based on their relevance. High-priority nodes (within range R, matching power thresholds, relevant velocity/heading) receive full processing attention, while less critical nodes are filtered out or processed with lower priority, optimizing overall system processing efficiency.
2Area of stationary object
If transmission power is increased to extend communication range, then coverage area expands, but congestion increases due to more nodes being reached
Solution Approach 1:
The patent dynamically adjusts transmission power based on real-time conditions including current communication range R, detected node distribution, and congestion levels. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to expand coverage when needed while preventing congestion by reducing power when too many nodes are detected, creating a self-regulating communication system.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses feedback from detected node count, received power levels, and communication quality metrics to continuously adjust transmission power. When congestion is detected (excessive nodes in range), the system reduces power to limit further node inclusion, while maintaining adequate coverage for critical communications.
3Productivity
If filtering criteria are made more selective to reduce processing load, then processing efficiency improves, but relevant data may be missed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses multiple adjustable parameters (range R, velocity thresholds, heading angles, power thresholds) that can be tuned based on traffic conditions and application requirements. These parameter changes allow the system to adapt filtering strictness dynamically, maintaining high processing efficiency while ensuring relevant data is not missed by adjusting the sensitivity of each filter parameter.
Data Source
AI summary
In one example, we describe a method and infrastructure for DSRC V2X (vehicle to infrastructure plus vehicle) system. This can cover a communication circle up to 800 m, and in some cases 1000 m, and as a result, in congested traffic areas, the onboard unit is communicating with high number of units and may end up saturating its processing capability very quickly. In one example, the task is to provide different levels of node filtering algorithms to intelligently select the node data to be processed. This results in optimally using the available processing power by only processing the data of the desired nodes. This method is based on combination of range, velocity, heading, direction, transmitted power, received power threshold, and map database, if available. This also reduces the V2X communication congestion problem resulted in high number of one-to-many nodes communication.