Network Node Relevance Quantification via Local Neighborhood Segmentation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for measuring the relevance of individual network nodes in large networks are limited, as they only identify the most influential nodes and do not quantify node relevance accurately, and their accuracy depends on the network topology and sampling methods.

Innovation Solution

A computer-implemented method that determines a node's relevance by measuring its contribution to overall network flows based on local neighborhood structure, using the expected force (ExF) metric, which estimates the node's influence through the number of edges and transmission clusters, and can be computed efficiently and accurately.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If centrality indicators (degree, eigenvalue centrality, Page Rank) are used to identify influential nodes, then the most highly influential nodes can be identified, but the measures are only informative for the top 1/10th of 1 percent of nodes and do not quantify node relevance accurately

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenode relevance quantificationVSAvoidcomplexity of relevance determination
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the network analysis into local neighborhood computations rather than global computations. By dividing the network into local neighborhoods around each node and computing relevance metrics independently for each neighborhood, the method achieves accurate node relevance quantification without requiring complex global network analysis, thus resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Each node computes its own relevance metric by analyzing its local neighborhood structure independently. This self-service approach allows nodes to determine their relevance without requiring centralized complex computations, achieving both accurate quantification and computational efficiency that reduces overall system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Measurement precision

If global network analysis is performed to determine node relevance in large networks (>1 billion nodes), then accurate relevance measures can be obtained, but the computation becomes increasingly difficult and time-consuming

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenode relevance accuracyVSAvoidcomputation time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the large network into local neighborhoods around each node, allowing independent computation of relevance metrics for each node based only on its local structure. This segmentation enables parallel computation across millions or billions of nodes simultaneously, reducing total computation time from infeasible to practical while maintaining accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent pre-defines the relevance metric formulation based on local neighborhood structure properties that can be computed independently. By establishing the computational framework in advance that relies only on local connectivity information, the system can process large networks efficiently without requiring iterative global convergence, thus minimizing computation time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Ease of operation

If centrality measures are used to rank nodes, then node ordering can be achieved, but the accuracy depends on network topology, sampling methods, and the type of diffusive process

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenode ranking capabilityVSAvoidrelevance measurement stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by designing the relevance metric to depend only on the local neighborhood structure around each node rather than global network properties. This local approach makes the measurement robust to variations in overall network topology and sampling methods, as each node's relevance is determined by its immediate connectivity patterns which are more stable and less sensitive to global changes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter from global centrality metrics to local neighborhood-based metrics. By reformulating the relevance measurement to use only local structural parameters (such as the number and connectivity of neighboring nodes within a certain radius), the system achieves both ease of ranking and improved reliability that is independent of global topology variations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP2975538B1Computer-implemented method and apparatus for determining relevance of a node in a network
Publication Date: 2020.11.25 MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV
  • EP2975538B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2975538B1 patent drawingFigure 2a
  • EP2975538B1 patent drawingFigure 2b

AI summary

A computer-implemented method for determining a relevance of a node in a network, comprises the steps of obtaining a digital representation of a local neighborhood structure of the node in the network in a computer-readable non-volatile memory; determining a numerical value characteristic of the node's relevance, and outputting the numerical value to a user. According to the invention, the numerical value is determined based on the neighborhood structure of the node.