Noise Source Standardization for Random Number Generation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional random number generators using noise sources face issues with synchronization, leading to non-equiprobable bit distributions and variable output rates, particularly with the Von Neumann method which results in inconsistent bit flow rates.
Innovation Solution
A method that standardizes noise sources by dividing the bit flow into words of identical lengths and inverting output states based on pre-established rules upon occurrence of identical bit states, ensuring a constant output rate by conditioning the inversion of states using detection elements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If the Von Neumann method is used to standardize the bit flow, then the equiprobability of bits is improved, but the output rate becomes variable and decreases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies dynamics by making the standardization process adaptive rather than static. The system dynamically adjusts which bit pairs are processed based on the current state, allowing the output rate to vary between 2x and 4x the input rate depending on the sequence of bit pairs encountered, thereby improving equiprobability while maintaining higher average throughput compared to traditional Von Neumann method
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the bit flow processing into state-based transitions. Instead of uniformly processing all bit pairs, the system divides the process into different states (S0, S1, S2, S3) with different transition rules, allowing selective processing that optimizes both equiprobability and output rate
2Object-generated harmful factors
If oscillators are used in the noise source, then analog noise is generated, but synchronization with the clock may occur leading to non-random output
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary standardization circuit between the noisy oscillator output and the final random bit stream. This intermediary process includes state machines and transition rules that filter out synchronized patterns and enforce equiprobable output, converting the unreliable oscillator output into reliable random bits
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs feedback mechanisms where the current state influences the processing of incoming bit pairs. The state transitions are designed to detect and correct deviations from equiprobability, with the feedback loop ensuring that synchronized or biased patterns are transformed into uniformly distributed random output
Data Source
AI summary
A method and a circuit for standardizing a noise source providing an initial bit flow, including dividing the initial bit flow into bit words of identical lengths, and assigning an output state according to the states of the bits of the current word and to a pre-established assignment rule, the assignment rule being inverted according to the occurrence, in the initial bit flow, of words, all the bits of which have identical states.