Non-amine CO2 Absorbent with Waste Heat Recovery

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional carbon dioxide capture devices in coal-fired power plants face issues of high energy consumption, costly absorbent regeneration, and environmental pollution due to amine-based absorbents, which hinder large-scale industrial applications.

Innovation Solution

A device and method utilizing a non-amine chemical absorbent, combined with waste heat and a solid acid catalyst, to efficiently capture carbon dioxide and produce an organic weak acid salt, reducing energy consumption and environmental impact.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If traditional amine-based absorbents are used for carbon dioxide capture, then carbon dioxide can be effectively captured, but energy consumption for absorbent regeneration becomes large

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecarbon dioxide capture efficiencyVSAvoidenergy consumption for absorbent regeneration

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameter of the absorbent from traditional amine-based solutions to a mixed absorbent system containing cyclic carbonate and chain carbonate esters. This parameter change fundamentally alters the regeneration characteristics, enabling lower energy consumption while maintaining capture efficiency. The specific ester components and their ratios are optimized to achieve the desired balance between capture performance and regeneration energy requirements.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If traditional absorption devices are used, then carbon dioxide capture can be achieved, but heat energy is wasted due to insufficient utilization of flue gas waste heat

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecarbon dioxide capture capabilityVSAvoidheat energy waste

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the previously wasted heat energy in flue gas into a beneficial resource by designing a heat exchange system where flue gas waste heat is recovered and utilized to preheat the absorbent solution before the absorption process. This transforms the harmful waste heat into a useful energy source, reducing the overall energy input required for carbon dioxide capture while improving thermal efficiency of the system.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Productivity

If amine-based absorbents are used, then carbon dioxide absorption can occur, but environmental pollution and device corrosion occur

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecarbon dioxide absorption efficiencyVSAvoidenvironmental pollution and device corrosion

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a carbonate ester-based absorbent system that is inherently more environmentally friendly and less corrosive than traditional amine absorbents. While the absorbent may require periodic replacement, its benign chemical composition prevents environmental pollution and device corrosion issues associated with amines. The system prioritizes long-term environmental sustainability and equipment integrity over absolute absorbent longevity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively captures carbon dioxide with reduced energy consumption and avoids environmental pollution, improving capture efficiency and adding value to the production process by using waste heat and solid acid catalysts like SAPO-34, HZSM-5, and SBA-15.

Implementation Method 1

the carbon dioxide desorption chamber is internally provided with a flue gas heat conducting pipeline

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

the spray evaporation tower is internally provided with multiple first atomizing nozzles

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectAtomization: Aerosol

Implementation Method 3

an induced draft fan

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPressure gradient: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 4

a bottom of the carbon dioxide desorption chamber is provided with a solid acid catalyst discharge port

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectCatalysis: Catalysis

Data Source

PatentUS12083472B1Device and method for capturing carbon dioxide and producing organic weak acid salt

Publication Date: 2024.09.10 SHANXI DADI ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE CO LTD

AI summary

A device and a method for capturing carbon dioxide and producing an organic weak acid salt. The device uses ammonia, chloroacetic acid, and hexamethylenetetramine as raw materials to prepare a non-amine carbon dioxide absorbent in the spray evaporation tower, then the non-amine carbon dioxide absorbent is transmitted to an atomizing carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the non-amine carbon dioxide absorbent is dispersed in the atomizing carbon dioxide absorption tower through second atomizing nozzles; a flue gas enters the atomizing carbon dioxide absorption tower, and the flue gas is mixed with the non-amine carbon dioxide absorbent to capture carbon dioxide; the non-amine carbon dioxide absorbent containing the carbon dioxide is transmitted to a carbon dioxide desorption chamber to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide and desorbed non-amine carbon dioxide absorbent; the desorbed non-amine carbon dioxide absorbent is transmitted to the absorbent storage tank for cooling crystallization to obtain the organic weak acid salt.