Non-Aqueous Electrolyte Composition for Battery Voltage Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Non-aqueous secondary batteries experience a drop in voltage due to metal dissolution-deposition reactions, which existing electrolytes fail to adequately suppress, especially when metals like copper or iron are present.
Innovation Solution
A non-aqueous electrolyte composition containing a non-aqueous solvent, an electrolyte salt, an isocyanate compound, and a nitrile compound with a higher mass content of isocyanate compound (CNCO) compared to nitrile compound (CCN), which forms surface films on electrodes to inhibit metal migration and deposition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional electrolytes are used in non-aqueous secondary batteries, then the battery can operate with basic electrolyte functions, but metal dissolution-deposition reactions occur causing voltage drop
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an isocyanate compound as an intermediary substance in the electrolyte that mediates between the metal ions and the electrode surfaces. This compound forms protective surface films on the electrodes, preventing direct contact and dissolution of metal ions, thereby suppressing the harmful dissolution-deposition reactions while maintaining basic electrolyte functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining conventional electrolyte components with isocyanate compounds. This composite formulation integrates the basic electrolyte functionality with the protective film-forming properties of isocyanate compounds, achieving both operational functionality and suppression of metal dissolution-deposition reactions.
2Reliability
If isocyanate compound content is increased to suppress metal dissolution, then voltage stability improves, but electrolyte composition complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameter of the isocyanate compound within a specific range (0.01-5 mass%) to achieve effective suppression of metal dissolution-deposition reactions. By carefully controlling this parameter, the patent maintains voltage stability while avoiding excessive complexity in the electrolyte composition.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed electrolyte effectively suppresses the metal dissolution-deposition reaction, thereby maintaining battery voltage stability during storage and operation.
Implementation Method 1
forms surface films on electrodes to inhibit metal migration and deposition
Implementation Method 2
a dissolution-precipitation reaction of the metal occurs, which lowers the voltage of the non-aqueous secondary battery
Data Source
AI summary
A non-aqueous electrolyte for a non-aqueous secondary battery includes a non-aqueous solvent, an electrolyte salt, an isocyanate compound, and a nitrile compound having two or more nitrile groups, in which a content CNCO of the isocyanate compound is higher on a mass basis than a content CCN of the nitrile compound.