repellent
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing repellents for substrates, such as fibers and papers, often have wide molecular weight distributions, contain impurities, and rely on fluorinated compounds, which may not be environmentally friendly.
Innovation Solution
A repellent compound with an amine backbone and long chain hydrocarbon groups is developed, which is low in molecular weight, narrow in distribution, and free from fluorine compounds, providing excellent dispersibility and stability, and can be used to impart liquid-repellency to substrates.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fluorinated compounds are used in repellents, then liquid-repellency performance is improved, but environmental friendliness deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by completely eliminating fluorinated compounds and replacing them with non-fluorinated alternatives consisting of polyol, polyisocyanate, and long-chain hydrocarbon-containing compound. This parameter change maintains liquid-repellency performance while resolving environmental concerns associated with fluorinated compounds.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes fluorinated compounds from the repellent composition entirely. By taking out the harmful fluorinated components and replacing them with environmentally friendly non-fluorinated alternatives, the invention achieves both performance maintenance and environmental improvement.
2Ease of manufacture
If wide molecular weight distribution is used in repellents, then manufacturing is easier, but performance consistency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the molecular weight distribution parameter by specifying narrow distributions for all components (polyol: 1.05-1.3, polyisocyanate: 1.05-1.3, long-chain hydrocarbon-containing compound: 1.05-1.5). This parameter control ensures performance consistency while remaining manufacturable.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality control by specifying different narrow molecular weight distribution ranges for different components based on their specific functions. The polyol and polyisocyanate have tighter control (1.05-1.3) compared to the long-chain hydrocarbon-containing compound (1.05-1.5), optimizing both performance and manufacturability.
3Ease of manufacture
If impurities are present in repellent components, then manufacturing cost is reduced, but dispersibility and stability deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the purity parameters by specifying maximum impurity levels (0.5 mol% or less for water and other impurities in polyol and polyisocyanate). This parameter control ensures excellent dispersibility and stability while maintaining cost-effectiveness through reasonable rather than excessive purity requirements.
4Reliability
If high molecular weight compounds are used in repellents, then liquid-repellency is improved, but dispersibility deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the repellent system into three distinct functional components: polyol (providing hydroxyl groups), polyisocyanate (providing isocyanate groups), and long-chain hydrocarbon-containing compound (providing liquid-repellency). Each component has controlled molecular weight and narrow distribution, achieving both dispersibility and performance through functional segmentation rather than relying on high molecular weight of a single compound.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite material system combining polyol, polyisocyanate, and long-chain hydrocarbon-containing compound in specific ratios. This composite approach allows each component to contribute its specific properties, achieving excellent dispersibility through the polyol-polyisocyanate matrix and liquid-repellency through the long-chain hydrocarbon-containing compound.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The repellent effectively imparts liquid-repellency to substrates, offering high contact angles and improved performance, with reduced environmental impact due to the absence of fluorine and narrower molecular weight distribution.
Implementation Method 1
one or more long chain hydrocarbon-containing groups represented by the following formula: —X—Rn wherein R is independently at each occurrence a linear or branched chain monovalent hydrocarbon group having 6 and 40 carbon atoms
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a repellent imparting liquid-repellency to substrates (for example, a fiber and paper), the repellent comprising a liquid-repellent compound, the liquid-repellent compound having an amine backbone, and one or more long chain hydrocarbon-containing groups represented by the following formula: —X—Rn wherein, in the formula, each symbol has the same meaning as in the specification.