Non-ionic water based polyurethane and preparation method and use thereof
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing non-ionic water-based polyurethanes have poorer water resistance compared to anionic polyurethanes and rely on organic solvents for dispersion, leading to environmental pollution and health risks.
Innovation Solution
A non-ionic water-based polyurethane is developed using a specific composition of polymeric polyol, diisocyanate, antioxidant, organometallic catalyst, intramolecular crosslinking agent, silicone oil, auxiliary agents, and chain extender, with a method involving multiple polymerization and crosslinking steps, eliminating the need for organic solvents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If non-ionic water based polyurethane uses only internal hydrophilic groups for emulsification, then biocompatibility and acid/dielectric resistance are improved, but water resistance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines polyether diol and polyester diol in specific proportions to create a composite polymeric polyol system. This composite structure integrates the hydrophilic properties of polyether segments with the hydrophobic characteristics of polyester segments, achieving both good emulsification performance and excellent water resistance simultaneously
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the mass ratio of polyether diol to polyester diol within the range of (110-155):(10-30), and controls the molecular weights and hydroxyl values of the polyols. By adjusting these parameters, the balance between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is optimized, achieving both good water dispersibility and water resistance
2Ease of operation
If organic solvent is added to improve dispersion performance, then dispersion performance is improved, but environmental pollution and health risks worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes organic solvents from the system entirely, replacing them with water as the sole external solvent. The dispersion performance previously achieved by organic solvents is now achieved through the optimized internal hydrophilic groups in the polyether-polyester composite polyol structure and the emulsification process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces auxiliary agents including wetting agents and leveling agents as intermediaries to facilitate dispersion and emulsification. These agents bridge the hydrophobic polyurethane segments and water, enabling good dispersion performance without requiring organic solvents
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting polyurethane exhibits excellent water resistance, mechanical properties, and compatibility, while being environmentally friendly due to the absence of organic solvents, making it suitable for applications like leather finishing and textiles.
Implementation Method 1
0.1-0.5 parts of organometallic catalyst
Implementation Method 2
1-3 parts of intramolecular crosslinking agent
Implementation Method 3
4-6 parts of silicone oil
Implementation Method 4
1-2 parts of chain extender
Implementation Method 5
2.1-5.5 parts of auxiliary, where the auxiliary includes a wetting agent, a leveling agent and a defoamer
Implementation Method 6
2.1-5.5 parts of auxiliary, where the auxiliary includes a wetting agent, a leveling agent and a defoamer
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides a non-ionic water based polyurethane, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 120-185 parts of polymeric polyol, 30-40 parts of diisocyanate, 0.3-0.6 parts of antioxidant, 0.1-0.5 parts of organometallic catalyst, 1-3 parts of intramolecular crosslinking agent, 4-6 parts of silicone oil, 2.1-5.5 parts of auxiliary, 1-2 parts of chain extender, and 600-750 parts of water, where the polymeric polyol includes a polyether diol and a polyester diol, and the auxiliary includes a wetting agent, a leveling agent and a defoamer. The non-ionic water based polyurethane provided by the disclosure has excellent water resistance, mechanical properties and compatibility. Moreover, no organic solvent is added, thus, the disclosure results in no secondary pollution, and ensures environmental protection.