Non-Uniform Jet Orifice Sizing for Impingement Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Jet impingement cooling apparatuses face inefficiencies due to impingement jets being diverted away from the target surface by suction forces near fluid outlets, leading to reduced thermal performance and incomplete heat transfer.
Innovation Solution
The use of non-uniformly sized jet orifices, where smaller orifices closer to the fluid outlets ensure higher velocity impingement jets strike the target surface, and sloped vapor outlet channels guide vapor bubbles away from the heat source to prevent pressure buildup, maintaining consistent coolant fluid saturation temperature.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If uniform jet orifices are used in the array, then manufacturing is simplified, but impingement jets near fluid outlets are diverted away from the target surface due to suction forces
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by varying the size of jet orifices based on their position in the array. Orifices closer to fluid outlets are made smaller to compensate for suction forces, while those farther away are larger. This localized differentiation ensures each jet maintains sufficient velocity to reach the target surface despite varying pressure conditions across the array.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter of orifice size systematically across the array based on position relative to fluid outlets. By adjusting this geometric parameter locally, the design compensates for pressure variations and suction effects, ensuring reliable jet impingement across all positions in the array.
2Volume of moving object
If jet orifices are positioned close to fluid outlets for compact design, then device size is reduced, but suction forces divert jets away from the target surface
Solution Approach 1:
The patent maintains compact positioning of jet orifices near fluid outlets while applying local quality by making these specific orifices smaller in size. This localized size reduction compensates for the suction forces created by the close proximity to outlets, ensuring jets still reach the target surface effectively despite the compact overall design.
3Productivity
If larger jet orifices are used to increase flow rate, then cooling capacity is improved, but suction forces near outlets divert the increased flow away from the target surface
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating orifice sizes across the array based on position. Orifices farther from fluid outlets are made larger to increase flow rate and cooling capacity, while orifices near outlets are smaller to maintain jet velocity against suction forces. This spatially varying size distribution ensures both high productivity and reliable impingement consistency across all jets.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration ensures each impingement jet impinges the target surface at a consistent velocity, enhancing thermal performance by preventing cross-flow and maintaining effective heat transfer, even in regions of low pressure near fluid outlets.
Implementation Method 1
The jet orifices are sized such that individual jet orifices closer to the at least one fluid outlet have an area that is smaller than individual jet orifices further from the at least one fluid outlet... each individual jet orifice of the array of jet orifices has an area corresponding to a distance of the individual jet orifice to the at least one fluid outlet channel
Implementation Method 2
jet impingement may be used to cool a heat generating device by directing impingement jets of coolant fluid onto the heat generating device or a target surface that is thermally coupled to the heat generating device
Implementation Method 3
cooling fluid may be used to receive heat generated by the heat generating device by convective thermal transfer, and remove such heat from the heat generating device
Implementation Method 4
jet impingement may also be combined with two-phase cooling, where the heat generating device is cooled by the phase change of the coolant fluid from a liquid to a vapor
Data Source
AI summary
Jet impingement cooling apparatuses are disclosed. One cooling apparatus includes at least one fluid inlet channel, at least one fluid outlet channel, a target surface, and a jet orifice surface that is offset from the target surface. The jet orifice surface includes an array of jet orifices fluidly coupled to the at least one fluid inlet channel, wherein each individual jet orifice of the array of jet orifices has an area corresponding to a distance of the individual jet orifice to the at least one fluid outlet channel such that individual jet orifices closer to the at least one fluid outlet have an area that is smaller than individual jet orifices further from the at least one fluid outlet. The area of each individual jet orifice of the array of jet orifices increases radially from a central region of the array of jet orifices.