Non-Binary Polar Coding for Single-Pass QAM Amplitude Shaping

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing binary polar coding methods for probabilistic amplitude shaping in wireless communication systems are inefficient and resource-intensive, particularly for higher-order modulation schemes, leading to increased processing delays and energy consumption.

Innovation Solution

Implementing non-binary polar coding (NBPC) with a probability mass function (PMF) and log PMF to perform probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) in a single pass, reducing the number of passes required and minimizing hardware complexity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If binary polar coding methods are used for probabilistic amplitude shaping, then the system can achieve error correction capability, but processing delays and energy consumption increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveerror correction capabilityVSAvoidprocessing delays

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter of polar coding from binary to non-binary (NBPC), allowing multiple bits to be processed simultaneously. This parameter change reduces the number of processing passes required for probabilistic amplitude shaping, thereby reducing processing delays while maintaining error correction capability through the same polar coding mathematical framework

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If binary polar coding methods are used for probabilistic amplitude shaping, then error correction can be achieved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveerror correction capabilityVSAvoidenergy consumption

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The transition from binary to non-binary polar coding changes the processing efficiency parameter, reducing the number of computational passes required. This parameter change directly reduces energy consumption since fewer processing operations are needed to achieve the same error correction performance, while the core polar coding mechanism that provides reliability remains intact

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If binary polar coding is used, then implementation is straightforward, but hardware complexity increases for higher-order modulation schemes

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveimplementation simplicityVSAvoidhardware complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the coding parameter from binary to non-binary, which consolidates multiple binary processing stages into a single NBPC stage. This parameter change reduces hardware complexity for higher-order modulation schemes by eliminating the need for multiple sequential binary polar coding passes, while the implementation remains straightforward through established NBPC algorithms and mathematical transformations

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentUS20260019320A1Non-binary polar codes for probabilistic amplitude shaping

Publication Date: 2026.01.15 QUALCOMM INC

AI summary

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. Some aspects more specifically provide procedures and configurations used to perform, at a transmitter, probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS) of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) communications using non-binary polar coding (NBPC). NBPC differs from binary polar coding (BPC) in that BPC uses a binary-input channel whereas NBPC uses a non-binary input channel. For example, while BPC uses a log likelihood ratio (LLR) with a single value corresponding to a given bit to be shaped, NBPC may use a probability mass function (PMF) to define or represent amplitude shaping target values. As another example, aspects use non-binary transformations, which reduce the number of passes to shape q bits from q passes (for BPC) to 1 pass (for NBPC).