Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring With Optical Sensor Calibration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing glucose monitoring methods, particularly for individuals with diabetes, are invasive, painful, and prone to infection, with limited accuracy and convenience, and do not facilitate real-time, continuous monitoring that can lead to complications such as heart disease and stroke.
Innovation Solution
A system utilizing non-invasive sensors calibrated with invasive glucose monitors to generate medical-grade data, enabling real-time glucose level estimation, integrated with mobile devices for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and closed-loop insulin delivery, incorporating neural networks for data analysis and prediction of glucose levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If invasive glucose monitoring is used, then measurement accuracy is improved, but pain and infection risk increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses an intermediary substance (fluorescent indicator) that binds to glucose in the interstitial fluid to enable non-invasive detection. The indicator acts as a mediator between the glucose in the body and the external sensor, allowing measurement without direct blood contact, thus resolving the contradiction between accuracy and pain/infection risk
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical invasive system (lancet, finger prick, blood sampling) with an optical sensing system that uses fluorescent indicators and light detection. This substitution eliminates the mechanical intrusion into the body while maintaining continuous glucose monitoring capability
2Object-affected harmful factors
If non-invasive sensors are used, then pain and infection risk are reduced, but measurement accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the measurement parameter from direct blood glucose concentration to fluorescent signal intensity, which correlates with glucose levels in interstitial fluid. By establishing a calibration relationship between these parameters, the system achieves accurate non-invasive measurement
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a copy of the glucose concentration information through the fluorescent indicator in interstitial fluid. Instead of directly measuring blood glucose, the system measures the fluorescent signal that copies the glucose concentration pattern, enabling indirect but accurate measurement
3Reliability
If continuous monitoring is implemented, then diabetes management is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service through the autonomous operation of the sensing system. The fluorescent indicator continuously binds and unbinds with glucose molecules automatically, and the sensor continuously detects and transmits data without requiring user intervention, calibration, or manual operation, thus achieving continuous monitoring with minimal system complexity
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods are disclosed for r monitoring a subject by coupling a wearable device with one or more noninvasive health sensors including an optical sensor and at least one electrical sensor to the subject, the optical sensor comprising one or more light emitting diodes at different wavelengths and one or more detectors; using the optical sensor, driving the one or more light emitting diodes at different wavelengths toward the skin of the subject and detecting the emergent light with the one or more detectors; calibrating data from the one or more noninvasive health sensors with clinical grade health data to track the subject's medical data during one or more subject activity conditions; capturing current additional subject data or current activity condition; and estimating the subject's current medical data with the one or more noninvasive health sensors and the current additional subject data or activity condition.