Non-Linear Converter Circuit for Diode Temperature Linearization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Non-linear measurement devices, such as diodes, present challenges in accurate temperature measurement due to their non-linear temperature behavior, requiring effective linearization of measured quantities.
Innovation Solution
A non-linear converter system comprising a non-linear voltage divider, analog multiplexer, and comparator, which converts non-linear voltage responses into linearized digital outputs by adjusting resistor values and using digital potentiometers for calibration, allowing for extended bit resolution and improved temperature measurement accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If non-linear measurement devices (diodes) are used for temperature measurement, then temperature sensing capability is provided, but measurement precision deteriorates due to non-linear temperature behavior
Solution Approach 1:
A non-linear converter circuit is introduced as an intermediary between the non-linear diode temperature sensor and the readout system. This converter includes a non-linear voltage divider with multiple resistors representing a non-linear transfer function, an analog multiplexer, and an analog comparator with a logic loop. The converter transforms the non-linear diode voltage response into a linearized digital output, enabling accurate temperature measurement across the full temperature range.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the electrical parameters of the measurement system by using a non-linear voltage divider where resistor values are specifically selected to compensate for the non-linear temperature characteristics of the diode. The resistance values are optimized to linearize the transfer function, transforming the non-linear relationship between diode voltage and temperature into a linear relationship that can be accurately measured and converted to temperature values.
2Measurement precision
If non-linear converter circuitry is added to linearize measurements, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The non-linear converter is segmented into distinct functional modules: a non-linear voltage divider with multiple resistors, an analog multiplexer for selecting resistor taps, and an analog comparator with a logic loop for digital output. This segmentation allows each component to perform a specific function, simplifying the overall design and fabrication while achieving accurate linearization through the coordinated operation of these modular elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a simplified model or representation of the non-linear transfer function implemented through the resistor network. Instead of directly measuring and compensating for complex non-linearities, the system creates a simplified electrical model using discrete resistors that approximate the desired linearization, making the circuit easier to design and manufacture while maintaining measurement accuracy.
3Measurement precision
If more resistors and converter components are used, then linearization performance improves, but layout area increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple functional elements are merged into a single integrated circuit structure. The voltage divider resistors, multiplexer switches, and comparator logic are combined in one compact layout, sharing common elements such as the reference voltage network and signal paths. This merging reduces the overall layout area compared to implementing separate discrete circuits for each function.
Solution Approach 2:
The analog multiplexer serves multiple functions: it selects between different resistor taps in the voltage divider, enables calibration modes, and facilitates different measurement ranges. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated circuits for each operation, thereby minimizing the overall layout area while maintaining full linearization capability.
4Measurement precision
If higher resolution conversion is implemented, then measurement precision improves, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The analog multiplexer and comparator operate in a periodic successive approximation manner, sequentially testing different resistor taps and comparing voltages to determine the digital output code. This periodic operation allows high-resolution conversion without requiring all conversion elements to operate simultaneously, reducing overall power consumption compared to parallel high-resolution conversion methods.
Data Source
AI summary
A non-linear converter comprising a non-linear voltage divider having a plurality of resistors representing a non-linear transfer function, an analog multiplexer having analog multiplexer inputs coupled to the non-linear voltage divider and configured to output an analog multiplexer output, the analog multiplexer chooses one of the plurality of resistors based on a logic signal and the non-linear transfer function, an analog comparator having an analog comparator first input configured to receive an analog input voltage, an analog comparator second input configured to receive the analog multiplexer output and the analog comparator configured to output a comparator voltage output and a logic loop coupled to the analog comparator and configured to receive the comparator voltage output and configured to output the logic signal, wherein the logic signal represents a linearized digital word.