Nonspherical Silica Particles for Toner Fluidity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing silica particles used in toners, cosmetics, and abrasives often suffer from poor fluidity, attachment properties, and dispersibility due to their spherical shape and broad particle size distribution, leading to issues like uneven distribution and detachment when mixed with other particles.

Innovation Solution

Silica particles with a volume average particle diameter of 80-300 nm, a particle size distribution index of 1.10-1.40, an average circularity of 0.70-0.92, and a circularity distribution index of 1.05-1.50, and a proportion of primary particles with a circularity of 0.95 or more being 10% or less, are produced using a sol-gel method with controlled alkali catalyst and tetraalkoxysilane supply rates to achieve a nonspherical shape and improved dispersibility.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If silica particles have a spherical shape and broad particle size distribution, then production is easier, but fluidity and dispersibility deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of manufactureVSAvoidfluidity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the particle size distribution parameter by controlling the sol-gel reaction conditions, specifically maintaining a particle size distribution index within 1.05-1.60 and limiting spherical particles (circularity ≥0.95) to 10% or less. This parameter control improves fluidity while maintaining manufacturability through controlled hydrolysis and condensation reactions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention promotes nonspherical particle formation by controlling reaction conditions to limit spherical particle formation. The asymmetric/nonspherical shape (circularity <0.95) provides better fluidity and dispersibility compared to spherical particles, while still allowing controlled production through the sol-gel process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

2Ease of manufacture

If silica particles have a spherical shape, then production is easier, but attachment properties and dispersibility worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of manufactureVSAvoiddispersibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the particle morphology parameter by controlling the sol-gel reaction to produce particles with circularity predominantly below 0.95. This morphological parameter change improves attachment properties and dispersibility while maintaining production feasibility through controlled reaction conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention promotes asymmetric/nonspherical particle formation to improve attachment and dispersibility. The nonspherical shape creates better interfacial contact and distribution characteristics compared to spherical particles, while the sol-gel process maintains manufacturing efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

3Ease of manufacture

If silica particles have broad particle size distribution, then production is easier, but uniformity and stability worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of manufactureVSAvoiduniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the particle size distribution parameter by controlling the polydispersity index to within 1.05-1.60 and limiting spherical particles to 10% or less. This parameter control ensures uniform composition and stable properties while maintaining ease of production through the sol-gel method.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

These silica particles exhibit enhanced fluidity, attachment properties, and dispersibility, maintaining shape stability under mechanical load and preventing aggregation, making them suitable for various applications like toners and cosmetics.

Implementation Method 1

a sol-gel method with controlled alkali catalyst and tetraalkoxysilane supply rates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSol-gel process: Sol

Implementation Method 2

a sol-gel method with controlled alkali catalyst and tetraalkoxysilane supply rates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrolysis: Hydrolysis

Implementation Method 3

Hydrophobization treatment of silica particles

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrophobization: Hydrophobe

Data Source

PatentUS8871344B2Hydrophobization treatment of silica particles
Publication Date: 2014.10.28 FUJIFILM BUSINESS INNOVATION CORP

AI summary

The invention provides silica particles including primary particles, the primary particles having a volume average particle diameter of from about 80 nm to about 300 nm, a particle size distribution index of from about 1.10 to about 1.40, an average circularity of from about 0.70 to about 0.92, and a circularity distribution index of from about 1.05 to about 1.50, the silica particles including primary particles having a circularity of about 0.95 or greater at a proportion of about 10% or less by number of particles.