Notched Blast Holes for Guided Energy and Crack Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional round hole blasting methods in tunnel construction result in excessive energy dispersion, leading to larger explosion smash areas, inefficient energy use, and high economic costs due to excessive explosive consumption.

Innovation Solution

Forming a cutting hole, auxiliary hole, and peripheral hole with specific notches on the blasting area, guiding explosion energy through these notches to control the blasting range and reduce energy loss.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If conventional round hole blasting is used, then the blasting area is covered, but the explosion energy spreads evenly in all directions causing larger smash area and more crushed stones

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblasting coverage areaVSAvoidexplosion energy dispersion

Core Design Contradiction:

Area of stationary objectVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The blasting hole is segmented into multiple notches (first notch, second notch, third notch, fourth notch) arranged in different directions. This segmentation divides the explosion energy into different transmission paths, preventing uniform radial dispersion and concentrating energy along specific crack development directions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different notches are designed with specific orientations (first notch in first direction, second notch in second direction, etc.) to create localized energy concentration in different spatial directions. This local quality variation controls where the explosion energy is focused, directing it along desired crack paths rather than allowing uniform dispersion.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

2Area of stationary object

If conventional round hole blasting is used, then the blasting area is covered, but the number of holes and explosive consumption are high

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblasting coverage areaVSAvoidexplosive consumption

Core Design Contradiction:

Area of stationary objectVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

Each blasting hole is divided into multiple notched sections, creating a segmented structure that enhances crack initiation and propagation efficiency. This segmentation allows better utilization of explosive energy, reducing the total quantity of explosives needed to achieve the same blasting effect.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The notches are pre-formed in the blasting holes before explosive placement. This preliminary action creates predetermined pathways for crack development, ensuring that explosive energy is efficiently directed along these pre-prepared routes, thereby reducing the total explosive quantity required for effective blasting.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional round hole blasting is used, then the blasting is simple to implement, but the blasting effect is poor and difficult to control

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblasting implementation simplicityVSAvoidblasting effect control

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The blasting hole is segmented into multiple notches with specific orientations, providing a structured approach to control crack propagation. This segmentation maintains relative implementation simplicity while significantly improving blasting effect control through directional energy guidance.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The notches are arranged asymmetrically in different directions (first direction, second direction, third direction, fourth direction) rather than uniformly. This asymmetric arrangement enables differential control of crack propagation in various directions, improving blasting precision while maintaining practical implementability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The method enhances blasting efficiency by concentrating energy on notches, reducing the explosion smash area, minimizing explosive use, and lowering economic costs while achieving better fracture control.

Implementation Method 1

explosion energy of explosives can be transmitted along the notches, the explosion energy is guided

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectEnergy guidance through geometric structure:

Implementation Method 2

filling the cutting hole with blasting explosive for blasting

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectDetonation: Detonation

Data Source

PatentUS12392594B2Efficient and energy-saving blasting method based on notched blast hole

Publication Date: 2025.08.19 CHONGQING JIAOTONG UNIV

AI summary

An efficient and energy-saving blasting method based on a notched blast hole includes forming a cutting hole, an auxiliary hole, and a peripheral hole on a surface of an area to be blasted separately by means of a drilling apparatus. The cutting hole, the auxiliary hole, and the peripheral hole are formed on the surface of the blasting area separately, and notches with different numbers are formed on outer sides of the holes separately, such that in a blasting process, explosion energy of explosives can be transmitted along the notches, the explosion energy is guided, energy loss is reduced, blasting efficiency is improved, thus a range of a crushing area is reduced, a length of a main crack is increased, and a better blasting effect is achieved. Moreover, explosive energy is concentrated on the notch to initiate crack, so as to reduce an explosion smash area.